Evaluating the Brand Gestalt of Emerging Health Tourism Destinations
Abstract:
Purpose: The aim of this study is to assess the brand gestalt of health tourism destinations (HTD) using the 4S brand gestalt dimension framework: storyscape, sensescape, servicescape, and stakeholderscape. D
Method: ata were collected via a survey from 160 visitors to Manado, an emerging health tourism destination in North Sulawesi, Indonesia, specifically those visiting for health or medical treatment. Structural equation modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS software was employed for analysis.
Result: The results indicate that all four dimensions significantly contribute to shaping the brand gestalt of HTD, with stakeholderscape emerging as the strongest predictor, followed by sensescape. These findings offer valuable insights for policymakers and Destination Management Organizations (DMOs), underscoring the need to enhance sensescape and servicescape elements to bolster the overall brand gestalt and attractiveness of health tourism destinations.
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Abdillah, F., Afiff, A. Z., Hati, S. R. H., & Furinto, A. (2022). A local destination story for the restoration of the destination image affected by Covid-19 crisis: evidence from Indonesia. Heliyon, 8(6).
Agapito, D., Pinto, P., & Mendes, J. (2017). Tourists' memories, sensory impressions and loyalty: In loco and post-visit study in Southwest Portugal. Tourism Management, 58, 108-118.
Aydin, G., & Karamehmet, B. (2017). Factors affecting health tourism and international health-care facility choice. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing, 11(1), 16-36.
Bairrada, C., Vieira, M., & Fontes da Costa, J. (2019). Antecedents and outcomes of a city’s global image: The impact of a tourist staple. European Journal of Tourism Research, 21, 87-101.
Buzova, D., Cervera?Taulet, A., & Sanz?Blas, S. (2020). Exploring multisensory place experiences through cruise blog analysis. Psychology & Marketing, 37(1), 131-140.
Damayanti, M., Scott, N., & Ruhanen, L. (2019). Coopetition for tourism destination policy and governance: The century of local power?. The Future of Tourism: Innovation and Sustainability, 285-299.
Diamond, N., Sherry Jr, J. F., Muñiz Jr, A. M., McGrath, M. A., Kozinets, R. V., & Borghini, S. (2009). American Girl and the brand gestalt: Closing the loop on sociocultural branding research. Journal of Marketing, 73(3), 118-134.
Durham, J., & Blondell, S. J. (2017). A realist synthesis of cross-border patient movement from low and middle income countries to similar or higher income countries. Globalization and health, 13, 1-14.
Eades, J. (2015). The growth of medical tourism: Recent trends and issues. Current Issues and Emerging Trends in Medical Tourism, 365-378.
Felkai, P. (2015). Assistance medicine, a novel discipline of emergency medicine. Orvosi hetilap, 156(20), 808-812.
Forbes, G. (2020). Visual grouping and its application to road design and traffic control. Transactions on transport sciences, 11(1), 55-64.
Franco-Trigo, L., Marqués-Sánchez, P., Tudball, J., Benrimoj, S. I., Martínez-Martínez, F., & Sabater-Hernández, D. (2020). Collaborative health service planning: a stakeholder analysis with social network analysis to develop a community pharmacy service. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 16(2), 216-229.
Ghalia, T., Fidrmuc, J., Samargandi, N., & Sohag, K. (2019). Institutional quality, political risk and tourism. Tourism Management Perspectives, 32, 100576.
Guise, V., Chambers, M., Lyng, H. B., Haraldseid-Driftland, C., Schibevaag, L., Fagerdal, B., ... & Wiig, S. (2024). Identifying, categorising, and mapping actors involved in resilience in healthcare: a qualitative stakeholder analysis. BMC Health Services Research, 24(1), 230.
Gupta, M., Mishra, P., Srivastava, R., & Jyoti, B. (2015). Holistic oral health care in India: A corporate perspective. Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology, 27(2), 237-240.
Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European business review, 31(1), 2-24.
Hanefeld, J., Lunt, N., Smith, R., & Horsfall, D. (2015). Why do medical tourists travel to where they do? The role of networks in determining medical travel. Social Science & Medicine, 124, 356-363.
Hohm, C., & Snyder, J. (2015). “It Was the Best Decision of My Life”: a thematic content analysis of former medical tourists’ patient testimonials. BMC medical ethics, 16, 1-7.
Iaffaldano, N., & Ferrari, S. (2020). Storytelling as a value co-creation instrument for matera European capital of culture 2019. In Cultural and Tourism Innovation in the Digital Era: Sixth International IACuDiT Conference, Athens 2019 (pp. 53-65). Springer International Publishing.
Kamassi, A., Abd Manaf, N. H., & Omar, A. (2020). The identity and role of stakeholders in the medical tourism industry: state of the art. Tourism Review, 75(3), 559-574.
Kiakojuri, H., Nasimi, M. A., TaghiPourian, M. J., & Ghanbarzadeh, Q. (2020). Investigating related factors on creating a competitive advantage in health tourism business: a case study. Journal of Health Administration, 23(1), 45-57.
Langitan, J. S., Rondo, E., & Mandagi, D. W. (2024). The Interplay of Brand Gestalt, Word-of-mouth and Revisit Intention in the F&B Sector. Jurnal Informatika Ekonomi Bisnis, 350-358.
Lin, H. C. (2014). Assessment of the partnership quality between travel agencies and health care organizations on the international medical tourism market in Taiwan. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 15(4), 356-381.
Lin, S., Xu, S., Liu, Y., & Zhang, L. (2024). Destination brand experience, brand positioning, and intention to visit: A multi-destination comparison study. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 30(3), 599-614.
Lwin, H. N. N., Punnakitikashem, P., & Thananusak, T. (2021). The level and determinants of international patient satisfaction with dental tourism in Bangkok, Thailand. Cogent business & management, 8(1), 1898316.
Majeed, S., & Kim, W. G. (2022). Emerging trends in wellness tourism: a scoping review. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 6(2), 853-873.
Majeed, S., Lu, C., Majeed, M., & Shahid, M. N. (2018). Health resorts and multi-textured perceptions of international health tourists. Sustainability, 10(4), 1063.
Mandagi, D. W. (2023). Pemasaran media sosial, gestalt merek dan loyalitas pelangan: Studi empiris pada Tomohon International Flower Festival. Manajemen Dewantara, 7(1), 32-45.
Mandagi, D. W., & Aseng, A. C. (2021). Millennials and Gen Z’s perception of social media marketing effectiveness on the festival’s branding: The mediating effect of brand gestalt. Asia Pacific Social Science Review, 21(3), 102-121.
Mandagi, D. W., & Sondakh, D. K. (2022). Exploring the Multi-Dimensionality of Tourism Destination Brand Story. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 11(6), 2128-2142.
Mandagi, D. W., Centeno, D. D. & Indrajit. (2021). Brand gestalt scale development and validation: A takeoff from tourism destination branding. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 19, 100539.
Mandagi, D. W., Centeno, D. D. & Indrajit. (2022). Destination brand gestalt and its effects on brand attachment and brand loyalty. Philippine Management Review, 29(1), 1-24.
Mandagi, D. W., Walone, D. C., & Soewignyo, T. I. (2024). Exploring City Brand Gestalt Driver: The Case of Bitung City. Jurnal Ekonomi, 13(02), 808-818.
Mungan, E. (2023). Gestalt theory: A revolution put on pause? Prospects for a paradigm shift in the psychological sciences. New Ideas in Psychology, 71, 101036.
Orze?, B., & Wolniak, R. (2021). Clusters of elements for quality assurance of health worker protection measures in times of COVID-19 pandemic. Administrative Sciences, 11(2), 46.
Oviedo-García, M. Á., Vega-Vázquez, M., Castellanos-Verdugo, M., & Orgaz-Agüera, F. (2019). Tourism in protected areas and the impact of servicescape on tourist satisfaction, key in sustainability. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 12, 74-83.
Qiu, M., Jin, X., & Scott, N. (2021). Sensescapes and attention restoration in nature-based tourism: Evidence from China and Australia. Tourism Management Perspectives, 39, 100855.
Rantung, D. I., Mandagi, D. W., Wuryaningrat, N. F., & Lelengboto, A. L. P. (2023). Small Medium Enterprises brand gestalt: A key driver of customer satisfaction and repurchase intention. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(6), e01463.
Rondonuwu, B. F., & Mandagi, D. W. (2023). Brand gestalt as a key determinant of tourist satisfaction and loyalty: Empirical study of super-priority destination Likupang. Jurnal Ekonomi, 12(02), 452-464.
Sandberg, D. S. (2017). Medical tourism: An emerging global healthcare industry. International Journal of Healthcare Management, 10(4), 281-288.
Sarstedt, M., Adler, S. J., Ringle, C. M., Cho, G., Diamantopoulos, A., Hwang, H., & Liengaard, B. D. (2024). Same model, same data, but different outcomes: Evaluating the impact of method choices in structural equation modeling. Journal of Product Innovation Management.
Singh, N. (2013). Exploring the factors influencing the travel motivations of US medical tourists. Current Issues in Tourism, 16(5), 436-454.
Smith, K. H. (2024). Gestalt Theory and Constraints in Relation to Creativity. In Exploring Perspectives on Creativity Theory and Research in Education (pp. 149-163). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
Sweeney, J. C., Frow, P., Payne, A., & McColl-Kennedy, J. R. (2023). How does a hospital servicescape impact the well-being and satisfaction of both health care customers and professionals?. Journal of Services Marketing, 37(9), 1120-1131.
Thilakavathy, M. (2015). Potentials and prospects of medical tourism in Chennai, India. In Current Issues and Emerging Trends in Medical Tourism (pp. 246-257). IGI Global.
Toding, J. S., & Mandagi, D. W. (2022). Dimensi brand gestalt sebagai prediktor kepuasan pelanggan dan niat membeli ulang pelanggan UMKM. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Bisnis dan Inovasi (JMBI), 9(3), 1167-1185.
Tontus, H. O., & Nebioglu, S. (2018). Drivers of healthcare globalisation and their effects on medical tourism. e-Review of Tourism Research, 15(2/3).
Tumober, N. C. G., Langelo, C. G. E., Rantung, D. I., & Mandagi, D. W. (2024). Brand Harmony: Exploring How Destination Brand Gestalt Influences Tourist Attitudes, Satisfaction, and Loyalty. Jurnal Ekonomi, 13(02), 404-421.
Üstün, B. (2024). Patterns before recognition: the historical ascendance of an extractive empiricism of forms. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 11(1), 1-9.
Vitthal, P. C., Subhash, A. R., Sharma, B. R., & Ramachandran, M. (2015). Emerging trends and future prospects of medical tourism in India. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences and research, 7(5), 248.
Walean, R. H., Wullur, L., & Mandagi, D. W. (2023). Constructing a Destination Gestalt Model: Brand Gestalt, Brand Attitude, and Revisit Intention. Asia-Pacific Social Science Review, 23(1).
Walewangko, J. A., Mandagi, D. W., & Indrajit, I. (2024). Turning Shoppers Into Buyers: How Brand Gestalt Drives Purchase Intention. Studi Ilmu Manajemen dan Organisasi, 5(1), 77-90.
Wang, J. H., Feng, H., & Wu, Y. (2020). Exploring key factors of medical tourism and its relation with tourism attraction and re-visit intention. Cogent social sciences, 6(1), 1746108.
Wantah, A. M., & Mandagi, D. W. (2024). Social Media Marketing and Fast-Food Restaurant Brand Loyalty: The Mediating Role of Brand Gestalt. Jurnal Informatika Ekonomi Bisnis, 337-343.
Wong, I. A., Ji, M., & Liu, M. T. (2018). The effect of event supportive service environment and authenticity in the quality–value–satisfaction framework. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 42(4), 563-586.
Wulyatiningsih, T., & Mandagi, D. W. (2023). The power of perception: How brand gestalt influences revisit intention. Journal of Management & Business, 6(1), 359-371.
Yin, D., Li, M., Qiu, H., Bai, B., & Zhou, L. (2023). When the servicescape becomes intelligent: Conceptualization, assessment, and implications for hospitableness. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 54, 290-299.
Yue, G., Zubair, A., Usman, M., & Abro, M. A. (2023). Institutional environment and tourism: moderating role of host countries’ health system. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 1-17.
Zeng, L., Li, R. Y. M., & Huang, X. (2021). Sustainable mountain-based health and wellness tourist destinations: The interrelationships between tourists’ satisfaction, behavioral intentions, and competitiveness. Sustainability, 13(23), 13314.
Zhang, W., Kim, J. J., Kim, H., & Fesenmaier, D. R. (2019). The tourism story project: Developing the behavioral foundations for an AI supporting destination story design. E-review of Tourism Research, 17(2).
Zhou, Y., Lei, S. I., & Yan, L. (2021). Linking tourists’ performing arts experience and perceived destination image. Tourism Recreation Research, 46(1), 71-84.
- Abdillah, F., Afiff, A. Z., Hati, S. R. H., & Furinto, A. (2022). A local destination story for the restoration of the destination image affected by Covid-19 crisis: evidence from Indonesia. Heliyon, 8(6).
- Agapito, D., Pinto, P., & Mendes, J. (2017). Tourists' memories, sensory impressions and loyalty: In loco and post-visit study in Southwest Portugal. Tourism Management, 58, 108-118.
- Aydin, G., & Karamehmet, B. (2017). Factors affecting health tourism and international health-care facility choice. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing, 11(1), 16-36.
- Bairrada, C., Vieira, M., & Fontes da Costa, J. (2019). Antecedents and outcomes of a city’s global image: The impact of a tourist staple. European Journal of Tourism Research, 21, 87-101.
- Buzova, D., Cervera?Taulet, A., & Sanz?Blas, S. (2020). Exploring multisensory place experiences through cruise blog analysis. Psychology & Marketing, 37(1), 131-140.
- Damayanti, M., Scott, N., & Ruhanen, L. (2019). Coopetition for tourism destination policy and governance: The century of local power?. The Future of Tourism: Innovation and Sustainability, 285-299.
- Diamond, N., Sherry Jr, J. F., Muñiz Jr, A. M., McGrath, M. A., Kozinets, R. V., & Borghini, S. (2009). American Girl and the brand gestalt: Closing the loop on sociocultural branding research. Journal of Marketing, 73(3), 118-134.
- Durham, J., & Blondell, S. J. (2017). A realist synthesis of cross-border patient movement from low and middle income countries to similar or higher income countries. Globalization and health, 13, 1-14.
- Eades, J. (2015). The growth of medical tourism: Recent trends and issues. Current Issues and Emerging Trends in Medical Tourism, 365-378.
- Felkai, P. (2015). Assistance medicine, a novel discipline of emergency medicine. Orvosi hetilap, 156(20), 808-812.
- Forbes, G. (2020). Visual grouping and its application to road design and traffic control. Transactions on transport sciences, 11(1), 55-64.
- Franco-Trigo, L., Marqués-Sánchez, P., Tudball, J., Benrimoj, S. I., Martínez-Martínez, F., & Sabater-Hernández, D. (2020). Collaborative health service planning: a stakeholder analysis with social network analysis to develop a community pharmacy service. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 16(2), 216-229.
- Ghalia, T., Fidrmuc, J., Samargandi, N., & Sohag, K. (2019). Institutional quality, political risk and tourism. Tourism Management Perspectives, 32, 100576.
- Guise, V., Chambers, M., Lyng, H. B., Haraldseid-Driftland, C., Schibevaag, L., Fagerdal, B., ... & Wiig, S. (2024). Identifying, categorising, and mapping actors involved in resilience in healthcare: a qualitative stakeholder analysis. BMC Health Services Research, 24(1), 230.
- Gupta, M., Mishra, P., Srivastava, R., & Jyoti, B. (2015). Holistic oral health care in India: A corporate perspective. Journal of Indian Academy of Oral Medicine and Radiology, 27(2), 237-240.
- Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European business review, 31(1), 2-24.
- Hanefeld, J., Lunt, N., Smith, R., & Horsfall, D. (2015). Why do medical tourists travel to where they do? The role of networks in determining medical travel. Social Science & Medicine, 124, 356-363.
- Hohm, C., & Snyder, J. (2015). “It Was the Best Decision of My Life”: a thematic content analysis of former medical tourists’ patient testimonials. BMC medical ethics, 16, 1-7.
- Iaffaldano, N., & Ferrari, S. (2020). Storytelling as a value co-creation instrument for matera European capital of culture 2019. In Cultural and Tourism Innovation in the Digital Era: Sixth International IACuDiT Conference, Athens 2019 (pp. 53-65). Springer International Publishing.
- Kamassi, A., Abd Manaf, N. H., & Omar, A. (2020). The identity and role of stakeholders in the medical tourism industry: state of the art. Tourism Review, 75(3), 559-574.
- Kiakojuri, H., Nasimi, M. A., TaghiPourian, M. J., & Ghanbarzadeh, Q. (2020). Investigating related factors on creating a competitive advantage in health tourism business: a case study. Journal of Health Administration, 23(1), 45-57.
- Langitan, J. S., Rondo, E., & Mandagi, D. W. (2024). The Interplay of Brand Gestalt, Word-of-mouth and Revisit Intention in the F&B Sector. Jurnal Informatika Ekonomi Bisnis, 350-358.
- Lin, H. C. (2014). Assessment of the partnership quality between travel agencies and health care organizations on the international medical tourism market in Taiwan. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism, 15(4), 356-381.
- Lin, S., Xu, S., Liu, Y., & Zhang, L. (2024). Destination brand experience, brand positioning, and intention to visit: A multi-destination comparison study. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 30(3), 599-614.
- Lwin, H. N. N., Punnakitikashem, P., & Thananusak, T. (2021). The level and determinants of international patient satisfaction with dental tourism in Bangkok, Thailand. Cogent business & management, 8(1), 1898316.
- Majeed, S., & Kim, W. G. (2022). Emerging trends in wellness tourism: a scoping review. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Insights, 6(2), 853-873.
- Majeed, S., Lu, C., Majeed, M., & Shahid, M. N. (2018). Health resorts and multi-textured perceptions of international health tourists. Sustainability, 10(4), 1063.
- Mandagi, D. W. (2023). Pemasaran media sosial, gestalt merek dan loyalitas pelangan: Studi empiris pada Tomohon International Flower Festival. Manajemen Dewantara, 7(1), 32-45.
- Mandagi, D. W., & Aseng, A. C. (2021). Millennials and Gen Z’s perception of social media marketing effectiveness on the festival’s branding: The mediating effect of brand gestalt. Asia Pacific Social Science Review, 21(3), 102-121.
- Mandagi, D. W., & Sondakh, D. K. (2022). Exploring the Multi-Dimensionality of Tourism Destination Brand Story. African Journal of Hospitality, Tourism and Leisure, 11(6), 2128-2142.
- Mandagi, D. W., Centeno, D. D. & Indrajit. (2021). Brand gestalt scale development and validation: A takeoff from tourism destination branding. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 19, 100539.
- Mandagi, D. W., Centeno, D. D. & Indrajit. (2022). Destination brand gestalt and its effects on brand attachment and brand loyalty. Philippine Management Review, 29(1), 1-24.
- Mandagi, D. W., Walone, D. C., & Soewignyo, T. I. (2024). Exploring City Brand Gestalt Driver: The Case of Bitung City. Jurnal Ekonomi, 13(02), 808-818.
- Mungan, E. (2023). Gestalt theory: A revolution put on pause? Prospects for a paradigm shift in the psychological sciences. New Ideas in Psychology, 71, 101036.
- Orze?, B., & Wolniak, R. (2021). Clusters of elements for quality assurance of health worker protection measures in times of COVID-19 pandemic. Administrative Sciences, 11(2), 46.
- Oviedo-García, M. Á., Vega-Vázquez, M., Castellanos-Verdugo, M., & Orgaz-Agüera, F. (2019). Tourism in protected areas and the impact of servicescape on tourist satisfaction, key in sustainability. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 12, 74-83.
- Qiu, M., Jin, X., & Scott, N. (2021). Sensescapes and attention restoration in nature-based tourism: Evidence from China and Australia. Tourism Management Perspectives, 39, 100855.
- Rantung, D. I., Mandagi, D. W., Wuryaningrat, N. F., & Lelengboto, A. L. P. (2023). Small Medium Enterprises brand gestalt: A key driver of customer satisfaction and repurchase intention. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(6), e01463.
- Rondonuwu, B. F., & Mandagi, D. W. (2023). Brand gestalt as a key determinant of tourist satisfaction and loyalty: Empirical study of super-priority destination Likupang. Jurnal Ekonomi, 12(02), 452-464.
- Sandberg, D. S. (2017). Medical tourism: An emerging global healthcare industry. International Journal of Healthcare Management, 10(4), 281-288.
- Sarstedt, M., Adler, S. J., Ringle, C. M., Cho, G., Diamantopoulos, A., Hwang, H., & Liengaard, B. D. (2024). Same model, same data, but different outcomes: Evaluating the impact of method choices in structural equation modeling. Journal of Product Innovation Management.
- Singh, N. (2013). Exploring the factors influencing the travel motivations of US medical tourists. Current Issues in Tourism, 16(5), 436-454.
- Smith, K. H. (2024). Gestalt Theory and Constraints in Relation to Creativity. In Exploring Perspectives on Creativity Theory and Research in Education (pp. 149-163). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
- Sweeney, J. C., Frow, P., Payne, A., & McColl-Kennedy, J. R. (2023). How does a hospital servicescape impact the well-being and satisfaction of both health care customers and professionals?. Journal of Services Marketing, 37(9), 1120-1131.
- Thilakavathy, M. (2015). Potentials and prospects of medical tourism in Chennai, India. In Current Issues and Emerging Trends in Medical Tourism (pp. 246-257). IGI Global.
- Toding, J. S., & Mandagi, D. W. (2022). Dimensi brand gestalt sebagai prediktor kepuasan pelanggan dan niat membeli ulang pelanggan UMKM. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Bisnis dan Inovasi (JMBI), 9(3), 1167-1185.
- Tontus, H. O., & Nebioglu, S. (2018). Drivers of healthcare globalisation and their effects on medical tourism. e-Review of Tourism Research, 15(2/3).
- Tumober, N. C. G., Langelo, C. G. E., Rantung, D. I., & Mandagi, D. W. (2024). Brand Harmony: Exploring How Destination Brand Gestalt Influences Tourist Attitudes, Satisfaction, and Loyalty. Jurnal Ekonomi, 13(02), 404-421.
- Üstün, B. (2024). Patterns before recognition: the historical ascendance of an extractive empiricism of forms. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 11(1), 1-9.
- Vitthal, P. C., Subhash, A. R., Sharma, B. R., & Ramachandran, M. (2015). Emerging trends and future prospects of medical tourism in India. Journal of pharmaceutical sciences and research, 7(5), 248.
- Walean, R. H., Wullur, L., & Mandagi, D. W. (2023). Constructing a Destination Gestalt Model: Brand Gestalt, Brand Attitude, and Revisit Intention. Asia-Pacific Social Science Review, 23(1).
- Walewangko, J. A., Mandagi, D. W., & Indrajit, I. (2024). Turning Shoppers Into Buyers: How Brand Gestalt Drives Purchase Intention. Studi Ilmu Manajemen dan Organisasi, 5(1), 77-90.
- Wang, J. H., Feng, H., & Wu, Y. (2020). Exploring key factors of medical tourism and its relation with tourism attraction and re-visit intention. Cogent social sciences, 6(1), 1746108.
- Wantah, A. M., & Mandagi, D. W. (2024). Social Media Marketing and Fast-Food Restaurant Brand Loyalty: The Mediating Role of Brand Gestalt. Jurnal Informatika Ekonomi Bisnis, 337-343.
- Wong, I. A., Ji, M., & Liu, M. T. (2018). The effect of event supportive service environment and authenticity in the quality–value–satisfaction framework. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 42(4), 563-586.
- Wulyatiningsih, T., & Mandagi, D. W. (2023). The power of perception: How brand gestalt influences revisit intention. Journal of Management & Business, 6(1), 359-371.
- Yin, D., Li, M., Qiu, H., Bai, B., & Zhou, L. (2023). When the servicescape becomes intelligent: Conceptualization, assessment, and implications for hospitableness. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 54, 290-299.
- Yue, G., Zubair, A., Usman, M., & Abro, M. A. (2023). Institutional environment and tourism: moderating role of host countries’ health system. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 1-17.
- Zeng, L., Li, R. Y. M., & Huang, X. (2021). Sustainable mountain-based health and wellness tourist destinations: The interrelationships between tourists’ satisfaction, behavioral intentions, and competitiveness. Sustainability, 13(23), 13314.
- Zhang, W., Kim, J. J., Kim, H., & Fesenmaier, D. R. (2019). The tourism story project: Developing the behavioral foundations for an AI supporting destination story design. E-review of Tourism Research, 17(2).
- Zhou, Y., Lei, S. I., & Yan, L. (2021). Linking tourists’ performing arts experience and perceived destination image. Tourism Recreation Research, 46(1), 71-84.