The Role of Temporary Employees in Strengthening Subdistrict Organizations and Its Implications on Government Performance

https://doi.org/10.35912/jasispol.v5i2.5374
Published: Dec 12, 2025

Abstract:

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the factors influencing the strengthening of sub-district organizations through the increase in honorary staff and its impact on government performance in South Tangerang City. Strengthening sub-district organizations is a key aspect of improving the effectiveness and efficiency of local government administration. Honorary staff, as supporting resources at the sub-district level, play a strategic role in enhancing organizational capacity.

Methodology/approach: The research employs a qualitative approach with a case study design, focusing on South Tangerang City. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and observations involving participants from various sub-districts. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis to explore the perspectives on the relationship between the increase in honorary staff, the strengthening of sub-district organizations, and government performance.

Results/findings: The findings indicate that an increase in honorary staff significantly contributes to strengthening sub-district organizations, which in turn positively impacts government performance at the sub-district level.

Conclusion: The study concludes that increasing honorary staff strengthens sub-district organizations and improves government performance. However, sustainable outcomes require integrated policies ensuring status certainty, ongoing training, and a supportive work environment.

Limitations: The study focuses only on sub-district organizations in South Tangerang City, and the results may not be generalizable to other regions with different governance structures.

Contribution: This research provides important policy implications for optimizing human resources at the sub-district level to enhance public services and improve governance.

Keywords:
1. Government Performance
2. Honorary Staff
3. Organizational Strengthening
Authors:
1 . Mukroni Mukroni
2 . Muhammad Baharuddin Zubakhrum Tjenreng
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How to Cite
Mukroni, M., & Tjenreng, M. B. Z. (2025). The Role of Temporary Employees in Strengthening Subdistrict Organizations and Its Implications on Government Performance. Jurnal Studi Ilmu Sosial Dan Politik, 5(2), 195–206. https://doi.org/10.35912/jasispol.v5i2.5374
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Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Desember
Articles
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References

    References

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    Al Hadar, S., Amaliatulwalidain, A., & Isabella, I. (2025). Kemenangan Noor Ishmatuddin 2024: Politik Identitas di Daerah Perairan Banyuasin. Jurnal Studi Ilmu Sosial dan Politik, 5(1), 139-158. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/jasispol.v5i1.5316

    Alwi, S. (2002). Paradigma Baru Peningkatan Kinerja Badan Usaha Milik Daerah (BUMD). Jurnal Siasat Bisnis, 1(7).

    Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of management, 17(1), 99-120. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108

    Bass, B. M. (2006). Transformational leadership. Lawrence Elabaum Associating. doi:https://doi.org/10.4324/9781410617095

    Bouckaert, G., & Halligan, J. (2008). Comparing performance across public sectors Performance information in the public sector: How it is used (pp. 72-93): Springer.

    Boyne, G. A. (2003). Sources of public service improvement: A critical review and research agenda. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 13(3), 367-394. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/jpart/mug027

    Cheryta, A. M. (2023). Upaya Peningkatan Kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia Pada Taman Pendidikan Al-Quran. Journal of Trends Economics and Accounting Research, 4(1), 57-64. doi:https://doi.org/10.47065/jtear.v4i1.876

    Deng, Y., Cherian, J., Ahmad, N., Scholz, M., & Samad, S. (2022). Conceptualizing the role of target-specific environmental transformational leadership between corporate social responsibility and pro-environmental behaviors of hospital employees. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(6), 3565. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063565

    Evans, P., & Rauch, J. E. (1999). Bureaucracy and growth: a cross-national analysis of the effects of “Weberian” state structures on economic growth. American sociological review, 64(5), 748-765. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/000312249906400508

    Farhan, W., Chaudhry, I. S., Razmak, J., & El Refae, G. A. (2024). Leaders’ behavioral approach in the digital era: Task vs relationship. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 11(1), 135-161. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/JOEPP-06-2022-0145

    Fathoni, M. A. (2025). Studi Instrumen Kebijakan dalam Upaya Percepatan Penurunan Stunting Kota Kediri. Jurnal Studi Ilmu Sosial dan Politik, 5(1), 55-68. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/jasispol.v5i1.4599

    Gurmani, J. K., Khan, N. U., Khalique, M., Yasir, M., Obaid, A., & Sabri, N. A. A. (2021). Do environmental transformational leadership predicts organizational citizenship behavior towards environment in hospitality industry: using structural equation modelling approach. Sustainability, 13(10), 5594. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su13105594

    Hanafi, M. R., & Kholil, S. (2025). Implementasi Model SMCR dalam Stretegi Komunikasi Layanan Publik di KOMINFO Kota Medan. Jurnal Studi Ilmu Sosial dan Politik, 4(1), 27-37. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/jasispol.v4i1.3666

    Hindom, M., & Murliasari, R. (2024). Pengembangan Pegawai Negeri Sipil Melalui Bimbingan Teknis Dalam Meningkatkan Kompetensi Kerja Di Bidang Perumahan Dinas Perumahan Dan Kawasan Pemukiman Kabupaten Teluk Bintuni. IPDN.

    Ilmi, F. A., Lestari, C., Rojab, A., & Mu’alimin, M. a. (2024). Pengelolaan Keragaman Sumber Daya Manusia dalam Organisasi. WISSEN: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora, 2(3), 223-236. doi:https://doi.org/10.62383/wissen.v2i3.193

    Izzah, A. H. N. (2025). Public Policy in Malang City. Jurnal Studi Ilmu Sosial dan Politik, 4(1), 53-62. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/jasispol.v4i1.4102

    Jensen, M. C., & Meckling, W. H. (2019). Theory of the firm: Managerial behavior, agency costs and ownership structure Corporate governance (pp. 77-132): Gower.

    Karimi, M., Tabesh, M. H., & Taghipour, M. (2023). The impact of environmental transformational leadership on organizational citizenship behavior (case study: Municipality of 22nd district of Tehran). Human Resources Management and Services, 5(2), 3349-3349.

    Lalong, E. M., & Sidi, P. (2023). Analisis Kinerja Pegawai Badan Kesatuan Bangsa dan Politik Kabupaten Malinau. Ganaya: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora, 6(4), 944-958. doi:https://doi.org/10.37329/ganaya.v6i4.2706

    Lestari, E., & Siregar, B. G. (2025). Pengaruh Servicescape dan Kualitas Pelayanan Frontliner Terhadap Kepuasan Nasabah (Studi Kasus Pada PT. Bank Muamalat KCU Padangsidimpuan). Socius: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, 2(11). doi:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15564449

    McCrae, R. R., & Costa, P. T. (1987). Validation of the five-factor model of personality across instruments and observers. Journal of personality and social psychology, 52(1), 81. doi:https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-3514.52.1.81

    Meyer, J. W., & Rowan, B. (1977). Institutionalized organizations: Formal structure as myth and ceremony. American journal of sociology, 83(2), 340-363. doi:https://doi.org/10.1086/226550

    Moleong, L. J. (2017). Metode penelitian kualitatif, (Vol. 6). Bandung: PT. Remaja Rosdakarya Offset.

    Mulyapradana, A., Aghus Jamaludin, K., Farikhul, M., Safna, S., & Nafiatul, M. (2025). Optimalisasi Layanan Desa Pedawang Melalui Sistem Kearsipan. Jurnal Studi Ilmu Sosial dan Politik, 5(1), 1-10. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/jasispol.v5i1.4253

    Pourahmadi, G., Irandoost, M., & Adhami, J. (2022). Antecedents and Consequences of Sustainable Human Resource Management in Waste Management Organizations. Quarterly Journal of Management and Sustainable Development Studies, 2(3), 109-128. doi:https://doi.org/10.30495/msds.2022.697972

    Pyatt, G. (1966). Human capital: A theoretical and empirical analysis, with special reference to education the residual factor and economic growth econometric models of education: Oxford University Press Oxford, UK.

    Ramli, M., Sarinah, L., Nugraha, R. N., & Januarty, D. F. (2024). Human resource management at Mie Gacoan Jatiasih. West Science Social and Humanities Studies, 2(4), 683-691.

    Rania, G. (2025). Implementasi E-Kinerja terhadap Penilaian Kinerja PNS di Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Jurnal Studi Ilmu Sosial dan Politik, 4(1), 39-52. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/jasispol.v4i1.4106

    Rizal, H., Daeng, A., & Fadlli, M. D. (2024). Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kepuasan Kerja Guru SD di Kecamatan Selong. Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 3(2), 90-116. doi:https://doi.org/10.59827/jie.v3i2.134

    Rousseau, D. (1995). Psychological contracts in organizations: Understanding written and unwritten agreements: Sage.

    Sahir, S. H. (2021). Metodologi penelitian: Penerbit KBM Indonesia.

    Saranya, J., & Anbu, A. (2025). The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior for the Environment in Manufacturing Industry. Qubahan Academic Journal, 5(1), 388-404. doi:https://doi.org/10.48161/qaj.v5n1a1272

    Subagyo, P. J. (1991). Metode penelitian dalam teori dan praktek.

    Sugiyono. (2022). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D: Alfabeta.

    Suprianto, S., & Arhas, S. H. (2022). Quality of Employee Performance at the Makassar City Ujung Tanah Sub-District Office. Pinisi Discretion Review, 5(2), 353-360.

    Susana, D., Afrizal, A., & Najmudin, N. (2020). Analisis Faktor Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pengembangan Nagari Siaga Aktif Di Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota. Menara Ilmu: Jurnal Penelitian dan Kajian Ilmiah, 14(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.31869/mi.v14i1.2109

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    Ushaka Adie, B., Tate, M., & Valentine, E. (2024). Digital leadership in the public sector: a scoping review and outlook. International Review of Public Administration, 29(1), 42-58. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/12294659.2024.2323847

    Wei, S., Sial, M. S., Zhou, W., Badulescu, A., & Badulescu, D. (2021). Improving the environmental footprint through employees: A case of female leaders from the perspective of CSR. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(24), 13082. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413082

    Werimon, S., Supriyantono, A., Wurarah, R. N., & Nugroho, B. (2023). The mediating effect of environmental management accounting on hospital environmental performance: Analyzing hazardous waste processing in public hospitals of Manokwari Regency. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 19(03), 86-96. doi:https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2023.19.3.1746

    Yogantara, K. K., & Asana, G. H. S. (2021). Pengaruh Kualitas SDM, Motivasi Kerja, Pemanfaatan Sistem Informasi, Pengendalian Intern dan Komitmen Organisasi pada Kualitas Laporan Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah. Journal of Applied Management and Accounting Science, 3(1), 85-103. doi:https://doi.org/10.51713/jamas.v3i1.50

    Zebua, E. T., Ndraha, A. B., Lahagu, P., & Hulu, F. (2024). Upaya Pemerintah Dalam Mengelola Diversity Sumber Daya Manusia Di Kecamatan Gunungsitoli Barat. Journal of Accounting and Finance Management, 5(4), 650-664. doi:https://doi.org/10.38035/jafm.v5i4.803

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  3. Adams, J. S. (1965). Inequity in social exchange Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 2, pp. 267-299): Elsevier.
  4. Al Hadar, S., Amaliatulwalidain, A., & Isabella, I. (2025). Kemenangan Noor Ishmatuddin 2024: Politik Identitas di Daerah Perairan Banyuasin. Jurnal Studi Ilmu Sosial dan Politik, 5(1), 139-158. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/jasispol.v5i1.5316
  5. Alwi, S. (2002). Paradigma Baru Peningkatan Kinerja Badan Usaha Milik Daerah (BUMD). Jurnal Siasat Bisnis, 1(7).
  6. Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of management, 17(1), 99-120. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/014920639101700108
  7. Bass, B. M. (2006). Transformational leadership. Lawrence Elabaum Associating. doi:https://doi.org/10.4324/9781410617095
  8. Bouckaert, G., & Halligan, J. (2008). Comparing performance across public sectors Performance information in the public sector: How it is used (pp. 72-93): Springer.
  9. Boyne, G. A. (2003). Sources of public service improvement: A critical review and research agenda. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 13(3), 367-394. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/jpart/mug027
  10. Cheryta, A. M. (2023). Upaya Peningkatan Kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia Pada Taman Pendidikan Al-Quran. Journal of Trends Economics and Accounting Research, 4(1), 57-64. doi:https://doi.org/10.47065/jtear.v4i1.876
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  12. Evans, P., & Rauch, J. E. (1999). Bureaucracy and growth: a cross-national analysis of the effects of “Weberian” state structures on economic growth. American sociological review, 64(5), 748-765. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/000312249906400508
  13. Farhan, W., Chaudhry, I. S., Razmak, J., & El Refae, G. A. (2024). Leaders’ behavioral approach in the digital era: Task vs relationship. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 11(1), 135-161. doi:https://doi.org/10.1108/JOEPP-06-2022-0145
  14. Fathoni, M. A. (2025). Studi Instrumen Kebijakan dalam Upaya Percepatan Penurunan Stunting Kota Kediri. Jurnal Studi Ilmu Sosial dan Politik, 5(1), 55-68. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/jasispol.v5i1.4599
  15. Gurmani, J. K., Khan, N. U., Khalique, M., Yasir, M., Obaid, A., & Sabri, N. A. A. (2021). Do environmental transformational leadership predicts organizational citizenship behavior towards environment in hospitality industry: using structural equation modelling approach. Sustainability, 13(10), 5594. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su13105594
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  22. Lalong, E. M., & Sidi, P. (2023). Analisis Kinerja Pegawai Badan Kesatuan Bangsa dan Politik Kabupaten Malinau. Ganaya: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Humaniora, 6(4), 944-958. doi:https://doi.org/10.37329/ganaya.v6i4.2706
  23. Lestari, E., & Siregar, B. G. (2025). Pengaruh Servicescape dan Kualitas Pelayanan Frontliner Terhadap Kepuasan Nasabah (Studi Kasus Pada PT. Bank Muamalat KCU Padangsidimpuan). Socius: Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, 2(11). doi:https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15564449
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  26. Moleong, L. J. (2017). Metode penelitian kualitatif, (Vol. 6). Bandung: PT. Remaja Rosdakarya Offset.
  27. Mulyapradana, A., Aghus Jamaludin, K., Farikhul, M., Safna, S., & Nafiatul, M. (2025). Optimalisasi Layanan Desa Pedawang Melalui Sistem Kearsipan. Jurnal Studi Ilmu Sosial dan Politik, 5(1), 1-10. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/jasispol.v5i1.4253
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  30. Ramli, M., Sarinah, L., Nugraha, R. N., & Januarty, D. F. (2024). Human resource management at Mie Gacoan Jatiasih. West Science Social and Humanities Studies, 2(4), 683-691.
  31. Rania, G. (2025). Implementasi E-Kinerja terhadap Penilaian Kinerja PNS di Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Jurnal Studi Ilmu Sosial dan Politik, 4(1), 39-52. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/jasispol.v4i1.4106
  32. Rizal, H., Daeng, A., & Fadlli, M. D. (2024). Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kepuasan Kerja Guru SD di Kecamatan Selong. Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 3(2), 90-116. doi:https://doi.org/10.59827/jie.v3i2.134
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  38. Suprianto, S., & Arhas, S. H. (2022). Quality of Employee Performance at the Makassar City Ujung Tanah Sub-District Office. Pinisi Discretion Review, 5(2), 353-360.
  39. Susana, D., Afrizal, A., & Najmudin, N. (2020). Analisis Faktor Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pengembangan Nagari Siaga Aktif Di Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota. Menara Ilmu: Jurnal Penelitian dan Kajian Ilmiah, 14(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.31869/mi.v14i1.2109
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  41. Ushaka Adie, B., Tate, M., & Valentine, E. (2024). Digital leadership in the public sector: a scoping review and outlook. International Review of Public Administration, 29(1), 42-58. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/12294659.2024.2323847
  42. Wei, S., Sial, M. S., Zhou, W., Badulescu, A., & Badulescu, D. (2021). Improving the environmental footprint through employees: A case of female leaders from the perspective of CSR. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(24), 13082. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413082
  43. Werimon, S., Supriyantono, A., Wurarah, R. N., & Nugroho, B. (2023). The mediating effect of environmental management accounting on hospital environmental performance: Analyzing hazardous waste processing in public hospitals of Manokwari Regency. World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 19(03), 86-96. doi:https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2023.19.3.1746
  44. Yogantara, K. K., & Asana, G. H. S. (2021). Pengaruh Kualitas SDM, Motivasi Kerja, Pemanfaatan Sistem Informasi, Pengendalian Intern dan Komitmen Organisasi pada Kualitas Laporan Keuangan Pemerintah Daerah. Journal of Applied Management and Accounting Science, 3(1), 85-103. doi:https://doi.org/10.51713/jamas.v3i1.50
  45. Zebua, E. T., Ndraha, A. B., Lahagu, P., & Hulu, F. (2024). Upaya Pemerintah Dalam Mengelola Diversity Sumber Daya Manusia Di Kecamatan Gunungsitoli Barat. Journal of Accounting and Finance Management, 5(4), 650-664. doi:https://doi.org/10.38035/jafm.v5i4.803