Intervensi Diet pada Pencegahan Obesitas Anak

https://doi.org/10.35912/jimi.v1i2.971
Published: Mar 22, 2022

Abstract:

Purpose: This study aims to review the existing literature regarding dietary interventions for the prevention of obesity in children and their effectiveness.

Metode: A literature search was carried out using search engines PubMed Central, Elsevier and Google Scholar, limiting the last 10 years to articles from 2011 to 2021.

Result: Most of the programs/interventions carried out focused mainly on school-based intervention approaches, community-based interventions, interventions through mass media and food sector interventions. In its own application, this control is divided into two parts, namely micro and macro policies.

Limitation: This article is only a review of several other articles, not doing research directly.

Contribution: With proper examination, it is hoped that cases of children’s obesity can be prevented by some dietary interventions.

Keywords:
1. Children
2. BMI
3. Diet
4. Obesity
Authors:
Devi Mutiara Jasmine
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How to Cite
Jasmine, D. M. (2022). Intervensi Diet pada Pencegahan Obesitas Anak. Jurnal Ilmu Medis Indonesia, 1(2), 83–93. https://doi.org/10.35912/jimi.v1i2.971
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Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): Maret
Articles
References

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    Anselma, M., Altenburg, T., Chinapaw, M. (2019). Kids in Action: The protocol of a Youth Participatory Action Research project to promote physical activity and dietary behavior. BMJ Open (9):1–10.

    Bacardí-Gascon, M., Pérez-Morales, M.E., Jiménez-Cruz, A. (2012). A six month randomized school intervention and an 18-month follow-up intervention to prevent childhood obesity in Mexican elementary schools, Nutr. Hos., (27), 755–762.

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    Borys, J.-M., Le Bodo, Y., Jebb, S.A., Seidell, J., Summerbell, C., Richard, D., De Henauw, S., Moreno, L.A., Romon, M., Visscher, T.L.S., et al. (2011). EPODE approach for childhood obesity prevention: Methods, progress and international development. Obes. Rev., (13), 299–315.

    Crespo, N.C., Elder, J.P., Ayala, G.X., Slymen, D.J., Campbell, N.R., Sallis, J.F., McKenzie, T.L., Baquero, B., Arredondo, E.M. (2012). Results of a Multi-level Intervention to Prevent and Control Childhood Obesity among Latino Children: The Aventuras Para Niños Study. Ann. Behav. Med.(43), 84–100.

    De Silva-Sanigorski, A., Elea, D., Bell, C., Kremer, P., Carpenter, L., Nichols, M., Smith, M., Sharp, S., Boak, R., Swinburn, B. (2011). Obesity prevention in the family day care setting: Impact of the Romp & Chomp intervention on opportunities for children’s physical activity and healthy eating. Child Care Health Dev, (37), 385–393.

    Economos, C.D., Hyatt, R.R., Must, A., Goldberg, J.P., Kuder, J., Naumova, E., Collins, J.J., Nelson, M.E. (2013). Shape Up Somerville two-year results: A community-based environmental change intervention sustains weight reduction in children, Prev. Med. (57), 322–327.

    Elder, J.P., Crespo, N.C., Corder, K., Ayala, G.X., Slymen, D.J., Lopez, N.V., Moody, J.S., McKenzie, T.L. (2014). Childhood obesity prevention and control in city recreation centres and family homes: The MOVE/me Muevo Project. Pediatr. Obes., 9, 218–231.

    Foster, G.D., Sherman, S., Borradaile, K.E., Grundy, K.M., Vander Veur, S.S., Nachmani, J., Karpyn, A., Kumanyika, S., Shults, J., Healy, C.M., et al.(2008). A Policy-Based School Intervention to Prevent Overweight and Obesity. Pediatrics, 121, e794–e802.

    Goiana-Da-Silva, F., Severo, M., Silva, D.C.E., Gregório, M.J., Allen, L.N., Muc, M., Nunes, A.M., Torres, D., Miraldo, M., Ashrafifian, H., et al. (2020). Projected impact of the Portuguese sugar-sweetened beverage tax on obesity incidence across different age groups: A modelling study. PLoS Med., (17), e1003036.

    Hamulka, J., Wadolowska, L., Hoffmann, M., Kowalkowska, J., Gutkowska, K. (2018). Effect of an education program on nutrition knowledge, attitudes toward nutrition, diet quality, lifestyle, and body composition in polish teenagers. The ABC of healthy eating project: Design, protocol, and methodology. Nutrients, (10), 1439.

    Hannon, B., Teran-Garcia, M., Nickols-Richardson, S.M., Musaad, S.M., Villegas, E.M., Hammons, A., Wiley, A., Fiese, B.H. (2019). Implementation and Evaluation of the Abriendo Caminos Program: A Randomized Control Trial Intervention for Hispanic Children and Families. Journal Nutr. Educ. Behav., (51), 1211–1219.

    Homs, C., Berruezo, P., Según, G., Estrada, L., de Bont, J., Riera-Romaní, J., Carrillo-Álvarez, E., Schröder, H., Milà, R., Gómez, S.F. (2021). Family-based intervention to prevent childhood obesity among school-age children of low socioeconomic status: Study protocol of the FIVALIN project. BMC Pediatr., (21), 1–14.

    Husna, A. S. (2021). Penatalaksanaan Holistik Scabies pada Anak Usia 4 Tahun di Puskesmas Panjang melalui Pendekatan Kedokteran Keluarga. Jurnal Ilmu Medis Indonesia, 1(1), 25-38

    Issanchou, S. (2017). Determining Factors and Critical Periods in the Formation of Eating Habits: Results from the Habeat Project. Ann. Nutr. Metab., (70), 251–256.

    Kelly, B., Jewell, J. (2018). What Is the Evidence on the Policy Specififications, Development Processes and Effectiveness of Existing Front-of-Pack Food Labelling Policies in the WHO European Region.

    Kementrian Kesehatan. (2014). Riskesdas Dalam Angka Tahun 2013. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI.

    Li, B., Pallan, M., Liu, W.J., Hemming, K., Frew, E., Lin, R., Martin, J., Zanganeh, M., Hurley, K., Cheng, K.K., et al. (2019). The CHIRPY DRAGON intervention in preventing obesity in Chinese primary-school–aged children: A cluster-randomised controlled trial. PLoS Med., (16).

    Liu, Z., Wu, Y., Niu, W.-Y., Feng, X., Lin, Y., Gao, A., Zhang, F., Fang, H., Gao, P., Li, H.-J., et al. (2019). A school-based, multifaceted health promotion programme to prevent obesity among children: Protocol of a cluster-randomised controlled trial (the DECIDE-Children study). BMJ Open.

    Llewellyn, C., Wardle, J. (2015). Behavioral susceptibility to obesity: Gene-environment interplay in the development of weight. Physiol. Behav., (152) , 494–501.

    Masrul. (2018). Epidemi obesitas dan dampaknya terhadap status kesehatan masyarakat serta sosial ekonomi bangsa. Majalah Kedokteran Andalas, 41(3), doi:10.25077/mka.v41.i3.p152-162.2018

    Ng, M., Fleming, T., Robinson, M., Thomson, B., Graetz, N., Margono, C., Mullany, E.C., Biryukov, S., Abbafati, C., Abera, S.F., et al. (2014). Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980–2013: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet, (384), 766–781.

    Niederer, I., Kriemler, S., Zahner, L., Bürgi, F., Ebenegger, V., Hartmann, T., Meyer, U., Schindler, C., Nydegger, A., Marques-Vidal, P., et al. (2009). Influence of a lifestyle intervention in preschool children on physiological and psychological parameters (Ballabeina): Study design of a cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health. (9), 94.

    Null, N. (2016). Trends in adult body-mass index in 200 countries from 1975 to 2014: A pooled analysis of 1698 population-based measurement studies with 19·2 million participants. Lancet, (387), 1377–1396.

    Oliveira, A., Durão, C., Lopes, C. (2020). Social and health behaviour determinants of obesity. In Recent Advances in Obesity: Understanding Obesity—From Its Origins to Impact on Life, Monteiro, R., Martins, M., Eds., Bentham Science Publishers: Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.

    Olsen, N.J., Ängquist, L., Frederiksen, P., Lykke Mortensen, E., Lilienthal Heitmann, B. (2021). Primary prevention of fat and weight gain among obesity susceptible healthy weight preschool children. Main results from the “Healthy Start” randomized controlled intervention. Pediatr. Obes.(16), 1–15.

    Plachta-Danielzik, S., Kehden, B., Landsberg, B., Rosario, A.S., Kurth, B.-M., Arnold, C., Graf, C., Hense, S., Ahrens, W., Müller, M.J. (2012). Attributable Risks for Childhood Overweight: Evidence for Limited Effectiveness of Prevention. Pediatrics.

    Perdani, A. P., & Berawi, K. N. (2021). Holistic Management With Family Doctor Approach In A 37-Year-Old Female Patient With Primary Hypertension. Jurnal Ilmu Medis Indonesia, 1(1), 17-24.

    Roberts, K.E., Ells, L.J., McGowan, V.J., Machaira, T., Targett, V.C., Allen, R.E., Tedstone, A.E. (2017). A rapid review examining purchasing changes resulting from fifiscal measures targeted at high sugar foods and sugar-sweetened drinks. Nutr. Diabetes

    Schultz, J.T., Moodie, M., Mavoa, H., Utter, J., Snowdon, W., McCabe, M.P., Millar, L., Kremer, P., Swinburn, B.A. (2011)Experiences and challenges in implementing complex community-based research project: The Pacifific Obesity Prevention in Communities project. Obes. Rev. 12 (Suppl. 2), 12–19.

    Singh, A.S., Chin, A., Paw, M.J.M., Brug, J., van Mechelen, W. (2009). Dutch obesity intervention in teenagers: Effectiveness of a school-based program on body composition and behavior. Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med.

    Teng, A.M., Jones, A.C., Mizdrak, A., Signal, L., Genç, M., Wilson, N. (2019). Impact of sugar-sweetened beverage taxes on purchases and dietary intake: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes. Rev., (20), 1187–1204.

    Thompson, S.R., Watson, M.C., Tilford, S. (2018). The Ottawa Charter 30 years on: Still an important standard for health promotion. Int. J. Health Promot. Educ. , 56, 73–84.

    Wabitsch, M., Moss, A., Kromeyer-Hauschild, K. (2014). Unexpected plateauing of childhood obesity rates in developed countries. BMC Med., 12, 1–5.

    WHO. European Food and Nutrition Action Plan 2015–2020 (2014). Denmark: WHO Regional Offifice for Europe..

    World Health Organization (WHO). (2013). Marketing of Foods High in Fat, Salt and Sugar to Children: Update 2012–2013.

    Xu, H., Ecker, O., Zhang, Q., Du, S., Liu, A., Li, Y., Hu, X., Li, T., Guo, H., Li, Y., et al. (2020). The effect of comprehensive intervention for childhood obesity on dietary diversity among younger children: Evidence from a school-based randomized controlled trial in China. PLoS ONE.

  1. Anastasiou, K., Miller, M., Dickinson, K. (2019). The relationship between food label use and dietary intake in adults: A systematic review, 280–291.
  2. Anselma, M., Altenburg, T., Chinapaw, M. (2019). Kids in Action: The protocol of a Youth Participatory Action Research project to promote physical activity and dietary behavior. BMJ Open (9):1–10.
  3. Bacardí-Gascon, M., Pérez-Morales, M.E., Jiménez-Cruz, A. (2012). A six month randomized school intervention and an 18-month follow-up intervention to prevent childhood obesity in Mexican elementary schools, Nutr. Hos., (27), 755–762.
  4. Bleich, S.N., Segal, J., Wu, Y., Wilson, R., Wang, Y. (2013). Systematic review of community-based childhood obesity prevention studies.
  5. Borys, J.-M., Le Bodo, Y., Jebb, S.A., Seidell, J., Summerbell, C., Richard, D., De Henauw, S., Moreno, L.A., Romon, M., Visscher, T.L.S., et al. (2011). EPODE approach for childhood obesity prevention: Methods, progress and international development. Obes. Rev., (13), 299–315.
  6. Crespo, N.C., Elder, J.P., Ayala, G.X., Slymen, D.J., Campbell, N.R., Sallis, J.F., McKenzie, T.L., Baquero, B., Arredondo, E.M. (2012). Results of a Multi-level Intervention to Prevent and Control Childhood Obesity among Latino Children: The Aventuras Para Niños Study. Ann. Behav. Med.(43), 84–100.
  7. De Silva-Sanigorski, A., Elea, D., Bell, C., Kremer, P., Carpenter, L., Nichols, M., Smith, M., Sharp, S., Boak, R., Swinburn, B. (2011). Obesity prevention in the family day care setting: Impact of the Romp & Chomp intervention on opportunities for children’s physical activity and healthy eating. Child Care Health Dev, (37), 385–393.
  8. Economos, C.D., Hyatt, R.R., Must, A., Goldberg, J.P., Kuder, J., Naumova, E., Collins, J.J., Nelson, M.E. (2013). Shape Up Somerville two-year results: A community-based environmental change intervention sustains weight reduction in children, Prev. Med. (57), 322–327.
  9. Elder, J.P., Crespo, N.C., Corder, K., Ayala, G.X., Slymen, D.J., Lopez, N.V., Moody, J.S., McKenzie, T.L. (2014). Childhood obesity prevention and control in city recreation centres and family homes: The MOVE/me Muevo Project. Pediatr. Obes., 9, 218–231.
  10. Foster, G.D., Sherman, S., Borradaile, K.E., Grundy, K.M., Vander Veur, S.S., Nachmani, J., Karpyn, A., Kumanyika, S., Shults, J., Healy, C.M., et al.(2008). A Policy-Based School Intervention to Prevent Overweight and Obesity. Pediatrics, 121, e794–e802.
  11. Goiana-Da-Silva, F., Severo, M., Silva, D.C.E., Gregório, M.J., Allen, L.N., Muc, M., Nunes, A.M., Torres, D., Miraldo, M., Ashrafifian, H., et al. (2020). Projected impact of the Portuguese sugar-sweetened beverage tax on obesity incidence across different age groups: A modelling study. PLoS Med., (17), e1003036.
  12. Hamulka, J., Wadolowska, L., Hoffmann, M., Kowalkowska, J., Gutkowska, K. (2018). Effect of an education program on nutrition knowledge, attitudes toward nutrition, diet quality, lifestyle, and body composition in polish teenagers. The ABC of healthy eating project: Design, protocol, and methodology. Nutrients, (10), 1439.
  13. Hannon, B., Teran-Garcia, M., Nickols-Richardson, S.M., Musaad, S.M., Villegas, E.M., Hammons, A., Wiley, A., Fiese, B.H. (2019). Implementation and Evaluation of the Abriendo Caminos Program: A Randomized Control Trial Intervention for Hispanic Children and Families. Journal Nutr. Educ. Behav., (51), 1211–1219.
  14. Homs, C., Berruezo, P., Según, G., Estrada, L., de Bont, J., Riera-Romaní, J., Carrillo-Álvarez, E., Schröder, H., Milà, R., Gómez, S.F. (2021). Family-based intervention to prevent childhood obesity among school-age children of low socioeconomic status: Study protocol of the FIVALIN project. BMC Pediatr., (21), 1–14.
  15. Husna, A. S. (2021). Penatalaksanaan Holistik Scabies pada Anak Usia 4 Tahun di Puskesmas Panjang melalui Pendekatan Kedokteran Keluarga. Jurnal Ilmu Medis Indonesia, 1(1), 25-38
  16. Issanchou, S. (2017). Determining Factors and Critical Periods in the Formation of Eating Habits: Results from the Habeat Project. Ann. Nutr. Metab., (70), 251–256.
  17. Kelly, B., Jewell, J. (2018). What Is the Evidence on the Policy Specififications, Development Processes and Effectiveness of Existing Front-of-Pack Food Labelling Policies in the WHO European Region.
  18. Kementrian Kesehatan. (2014). Riskesdas Dalam Angka Tahun 2013. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI.
  19. Li, B., Pallan, M., Liu, W.J., Hemming, K., Frew, E., Lin, R., Martin, J., Zanganeh, M., Hurley, K., Cheng, K.K., et al. (2019). The CHIRPY DRAGON intervention in preventing obesity in Chinese primary-school–aged children: A cluster-randomised controlled trial. PLoS Med., (16).
  20. Liu, Z., Wu, Y., Niu, W.-Y., Feng, X., Lin, Y., Gao, A., Zhang, F., Fang, H., Gao, P., Li, H.-J., et al. (2019). A school-based, multifaceted health promotion programme to prevent obesity among children: Protocol of a cluster-randomised controlled trial (the DECIDE-Children study). BMJ Open.
  21. Llewellyn, C., Wardle, J. (2015). Behavioral susceptibility to obesity: Gene-environment interplay in the development of weight. Physiol. Behav., (152) , 494–501.
  22. Masrul. (2018). Epidemi obesitas dan dampaknya terhadap status kesehatan masyarakat serta sosial ekonomi bangsa. Majalah Kedokteran Andalas, 41(3), doi:10.25077/mka.v41.i3.p152-162.2018
  23. Ng, M., Fleming, T., Robinson, M., Thomson, B., Graetz, N., Margono, C., Mullany, E.C., Biryukov, S., Abbafati, C., Abera, S.F., et al. (2014). Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980–2013: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet, (384), 766–781.
  24. Niederer, I., Kriemler, S., Zahner, L., Bürgi, F., Ebenegger, V., Hartmann, T., Meyer, U., Schindler, C., Nydegger, A., Marques-Vidal, P., et al. (2009). Influence of a lifestyle intervention in preschool children on physiological and psychological parameters (Ballabeina): Study design of a cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health. (9), 94.
  25. Null, N. (2016). Trends in adult body-mass index in 200 countries from 1975 to 2014: A pooled analysis of 1698 population-based measurement studies with 19·2 million participants. Lancet, (387), 1377–1396.
  26. Oliveira, A., Durão, C., Lopes, C. (2020). Social and health behaviour determinants of obesity. In Recent Advances in Obesity: Understanding Obesity—From Its Origins to Impact on Life, Monteiro, R., Martins, M., Eds., Bentham Science Publishers: Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
  27. Olsen, N.J., Ängquist, L., Frederiksen, P., Lykke Mortensen, E., Lilienthal Heitmann, B. (2021). Primary prevention of fat and weight gain among obesity susceptible healthy weight preschool children. Main results from the “Healthy Start” randomized controlled intervention. Pediatr. Obes.(16), 1–15.
  28. Plachta-Danielzik, S., Kehden, B., Landsberg, B., Rosario, A.S., Kurth, B.-M., Arnold, C., Graf, C., Hense, S., Ahrens, W., Müller, M.J. (2012). Attributable Risks for Childhood Overweight: Evidence for Limited Effectiveness of Prevention. Pediatrics.
  29. Perdani, A. P., & Berawi, K. N. (2021). Holistic Management With Family Doctor Approach In A 37-Year-Old Female Patient With Primary Hypertension. Jurnal Ilmu Medis Indonesia, 1(1), 17-24.
  30. Roberts, K.E., Ells, L.J., McGowan, V.J., Machaira, T., Targett, V.C., Allen, R.E., Tedstone, A.E. (2017). A rapid review examining purchasing changes resulting from fifiscal measures targeted at high sugar foods and sugar-sweetened drinks. Nutr. Diabetes
  31. Schultz, J.T., Moodie, M., Mavoa, H., Utter, J., Snowdon, W., McCabe, M.P., Millar, L., Kremer, P., Swinburn, B.A. (2011)Experiences and challenges in implementing complex community-based research project: The Pacifific Obesity Prevention in Communities project. Obes. Rev. 12 (Suppl. 2), 12–19.
  32. Singh, A.S., Chin, A., Paw, M.J.M., Brug, J., van Mechelen, W. (2009). Dutch obesity intervention in teenagers: Effectiveness of a school-based program on body composition and behavior. Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med.
  33. Teng, A.M., Jones, A.C., Mizdrak, A., Signal, L., Genç, M., Wilson, N. (2019). Impact of sugar-sweetened beverage taxes on purchases and dietary intake: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes. Rev., (20), 1187–1204.
  34. Thompson, S.R., Watson, M.C., Tilford, S. (2018). The Ottawa Charter 30 years on: Still an important standard for health promotion. Int. J. Health Promot. Educ. , 56, 73–84.
  35. Wabitsch, M., Moss, A., Kromeyer-Hauschild, K. (2014). Unexpected plateauing of childhood obesity rates in developed countries. BMC Med., 12, 1–5.
  36. WHO. European Food and Nutrition Action Plan 2015–2020 (2014). Denmark: WHO Regional Offifice for Europe..
  37. World Health Organization (WHO). (2013). Marketing of Foods High in Fat, Salt and Sugar to Children: Update 2012–2013.
  38. Xu, H., Ecker, O., Zhang, Q., Du, S., Liu, A., Li, Y., Hu, X., Li, T., Guo, H., Li, Y., et al. (2020). The effect of comprehensive intervention for childhood obesity on dietary diversity among younger children: Evidence from a school-based randomized controlled trial in China. PLoS ONE.