Dampak Penyakit Infeksi Parasit terhadap Status Gizi

https://doi.org/10.35912/jimi.v3i2.3088
Published: May 29, 2024

Abstract:

guidelines, the authors conducted a systematic review to examine the effects of sanitation on major infectious diseases and nutrition in populations worldwide.

Research methodology: This article reviews the extensive evidence on the impact of sanitation on important health outcomes, including diarrheal disease, STH infections, schistosomiasis, and nutritional status.

Results: There was evidence of an association between sanitation and STH, but did not show no association was observed when the analysis was restricted to intervention studies only. This study found evidence consistent with previous reviews that sanitation is associated with lower odds of schistosomiasis, but the lack of intervention studies limits the quality of evidence and confidence in this association.

Limitations: The nutritional findings in this study are similar to previous findings that reported no effect of sanitation on weight-for-age z-scores or weight-for-height z-scores. The results of the subset of studies reporting latrine coverage and latrine use suggest that, to observe comprehensive health benefits, sanitation coverage levels may need to be higher than those observed in this study.

Contribution: This study provides evidence demonstrating the influence of sanitation on several key health outcomes, including diarrhea caused by A. lumbricoides, hookworms, S. stercoral, and schistosomiasis. The authors observed less clear evidence of the effects of sanitation on T. trichiurid and its nutritional value.

Keywords:
1. infectious disease
2. parasitology
3. nutritional status
4. neglected tropical disease
5. hygiene
Authors:
Reqgi First Trasia
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Trasia, R. F. (2024). Dampak Penyakit Infeksi Parasit terhadap Status Gizi . Jurnal Ilmu Medis Indonesia, 3(2), 75–80. https://doi.org/10.35912/jimi.v3i2.3088
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Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): Maret
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References

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    Briceño, B., Coville, A., & Martinez, S. (2015). Promoting handwashing and sanitation: evidence from a large-scale randomized trial in rural Tanzania. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper(7164).

    Clasen, T., Boisson, S., Routray, P., Torondel, B., Bell, M., Cumming, O., . . . Odagiri, M. (2014). Effectiveness of a rural sanitation programme on diarrhoea, soil-transmitted helminth infection, and child malnutrition in Odisha, India: a cluster-randomised trial. The Lancet Global Health, 2(11), e645-e653.

    Eisenberg, J. N., Scott, J. C., & Porco, T. (2007). Integrating disease control strategies: balancing water sanitation and hygiene interventions to reduce diarrheal disease burden. American journal of public health, 97(5), 846-852.

    Engels, D., Chitsulo, L., Montresor, A., & Savioli, L. (2002). The global epidemiological situation of schistosomiasis and new approaches to control and research. Acta tropica, 82(2), 139-146.

    Fuller, J. A., Villamor, E., Cevallos, W., Trostle, J., & Eisenberg, J. N. (2016). I get height with a little help from my friends: herd protection from sanitation on child growth in rural Ecuador. International journal of epidemiology, 45(2), 460-469.

    Greene, L. E., Freeman, M. C., Akoko, D., Saboori, S., Moe, C., & Rheingans, R. (2012). Impact of a school-based hygiene promotion and sanitation intervention on pupil hand contamination in Western Kenya: a cluster randomized trial. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 87(3), 385.

    Grimes, J. E., Croll, D., Harrison, W. E., Utzinger, J., Freeman, M. C., & Templeton, M. R. (2015). The roles of water, sanitation and hygiene in reducing schistosomiasis: a review. Parasites & vectors, 8, 1-16.

    Guerrant, R. L., DeBoer, M. D., Moore, S. R., Scharf, R. J., & Lima, A. A. (2013). The impoverished gut—a triple burden of diarrhoea, stunting and chronic disease. Nature reviews Gastroenterology & hepatology, 10(4), 220-229.

    Heijnen, M., Cumming, O., Peletz, R., Chan, G. K.-S., Brown, J., Baker, K., & Clasen, T. (2014). Shared sanitation versus individual household latrines: a systematic review of health outcomes. PloS one, 9(4), e93300.

    Husna, A. S. a. (2021). Penatalaksanaan Holistik Scabies pada Anak Usia 4 Tahun di Puskesmas Panjang melalui Pendekatan Kedokteran Keluarga. Jurnal Ilmu Medis Indonesia, 1(1), 25-38.

    Ngure, F. M., Reid, B. M., Humphrey, J. H., Mbuya, M. N., Pelto, G., & Stoltzfus, R. J. (2014). Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), environmental enteropathy, nutrition, and early child development: making the links. Annals of the new York Academy of Sciences, 1308(1), 118-128.

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    Patil, S. R., Arnold, B. F., Salvatore, A. L., Briceno, B., Ganguly, S., Colford Jr, J. M., & Gertler, P. J. (2014). The effect of India's total sanitation campaign on defecation behaviors and child health in rural Madhya Pradesh: a cluster randomized controlled trial. PLoS medicine, 11(8), e1001709.

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    Strunz, E. C., Addiss, D. G., Stocks, M. E., Ogden, S., Utzinger, J., & Freeman, M. C. (2014). Water, sanitation, hygiene, and soil-transmitted helminth infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS medicine, 11(3), e1001620.

    Trasia, R. F. (2023). Review of Scabies: Current Update of Patogenesis, Transmission, and Elimination. Jurnal Ilmu Medis Indonesia, 3(1), 41-46.

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  1. Barreto, M. L., Genser, B., Strina, A., Teixeira, M. G., Assis, A. M. O., Rego, R. F., . . . Alcântara-Neves, N. M. (2010). Impact of a citywide sanitation program in Northeast Brazil on intestinal parasites infection in young children. Environmental health perspectives, 118(11), 1637-1642.
  2. Briceño, B., Coville, A., & Martinez, S. (2015). Promoting handwashing and sanitation: evidence from a large-scale randomized trial in rural Tanzania. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper(7164).
  3. Clasen, T., Boisson, S., Routray, P., Torondel, B., Bell, M., Cumming, O., . . . Odagiri, M. (2014). Effectiveness of a rural sanitation programme on diarrhoea, soil-transmitted helminth infection, and child malnutrition in Odisha, India: a cluster-randomised trial. The Lancet Global Health, 2(11), e645-e653.
  4. Eisenberg, J. N., Scott, J. C., & Porco, T. (2007). Integrating disease control strategies: balancing water sanitation and hygiene interventions to reduce diarrheal disease burden. American journal of public health, 97(5), 846-852.
  5. Engels, D., Chitsulo, L., Montresor, A., & Savioli, L. (2002). The global epidemiological situation of schistosomiasis and new approaches to control and research. Acta tropica, 82(2), 139-146.
  6. Fuller, J. A., Villamor, E., Cevallos, W., Trostle, J., & Eisenberg, J. N. (2016). I get height with a little help from my friends: herd protection from sanitation on child growth in rural Ecuador. International journal of epidemiology, 45(2), 460-469.
  7. Greene, L. E., Freeman, M. C., Akoko, D., Saboori, S., Moe, C., & Rheingans, R. (2012). Impact of a school-based hygiene promotion and sanitation intervention on pupil hand contamination in Western Kenya: a cluster randomized trial. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 87(3), 385.
  8. Grimes, J. E., Croll, D., Harrison, W. E., Utzinger, J., Freeman, M. C., & Templeton, M. R. (2015). The roles of water, sanitation and hygiene in reducing schistosomiasis: a review. Parasites & vectors, 8, 1-16.
  9. Guerrant, R. L., DeBoer, M. D., Moore, S. R., Scharf, R. J., & Lima, A. A. (2013). The impoverished gut—a triple burden of diarrhoea, stunting and chronic disease. Nature reviews Gastroenterology & hepatology, 10(4), 220-229.
  10. Heijnen, M., Cumming, O., Peletz, R., Chan, G. K.-S., Brown, J., Baker, K., & Clasen, T. (2014). Shared sanitation versus individual household latrines: a systematic review of health outcomes. PloS one, 9(4), e93300.
  11. Husna, A. S. a. (2021). Penatalaksanaan Holistik Scabies pada Anak Usia 4 Tahun di Puskesmas Panjang melalui Pendekatan Kedokteran Keluarga. Jurnal Ilmu Medis Indonesia, 1(1), 25-38.
  12. Ngure, F. M., Reid, B. M., Humphrey, J. H., Mbuya, M. N., Pelto, G., & Stoltzfus, R. J. (2014). Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), environmental enteropathy, nutrition, and early child development: making the links. Annals of the new York Academy of Sciences, 1308(1), 118-128.
  13. Organization, W. H. (2005). Deworming: the Millennium Development Goals. Retrieved from
  14. Organization, W. H. (2017). Progress on drinking-water, sanitation and hygiene.
  15. Patil, S. R., Arnold, B. F., Salvatore, A. L., Briceno, B., Ganguly, S., Colford Jr, J. M., & Gertler, P. J. (2014). The effect of India's total sanitation campaign on defecation behaviors and child health in rural Madhya Pradesh: a cluster randomized controlled trial. PLoS medicine, 11(8), e1001709.
  16. Prüss?Ustün, A., Bartram, J., Clasen, T., Colford Jr, J. M., Cumming, O., Curtis, V., . . . Fewtrell, L. (2014). Burden of disease from inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene in low?and middle?income settings: a retrospective analysis of data from 145 countries. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 19(8), 894-905.
  17. Steinmann, P., Yap, P., Utzinger, J., Du, Z.-W., Jiang, J.-Y., Chen, R., . . . Zhou, X.-N. (2015). Control of soil-transmitted helminthiasis in Yunnan province, People's Republic of China: experiences and lessons from a 5-year multi-intervention trial. Acta tropica, 141, 271-280.
  18. Strunz, E. C., Addiss, D. G., Stocks, M. E., Ogden, S., Utzinger, J., & Freeman, M. C. (2014). Water, sanitation, hygiene, and soil-transmitted helminth infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS medicine, 11(3), e1001620.
  19. Trasia, R. F. (2023). Review of Scabies: Current Update of Patogenesis, Transmission, and Elimination. Jurnal Ilmu Medis Indonesia, 3(1), 41-46.
  20. Wolf, J., Prüss?Ustün, A., Cumming, O., Bartram, J., Bonjour, S., Cairncross, S., . . . De France, J. (2014). Systematic review: assessing the impact of drinking water and sanitation on diarrhoeal disease in low?and middle?income settings: systematic review and meta?regression. Tropical Medicine & International Health, 19(8), 928-942.