Kewajiban Moral, Keadilan Pajak, dan Kepercayaan pada Pemerintah terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak
Abstract:
Purpose: This study aims to determine the variables that affect taxpayer compliance such as moral obligations, tax fairness, and trust in government among MSMEs in DKI Jakarta.
Methodology: This study used a quantitative methodology to assess variables related to research through respondent questionnaires about tax compliance to MSME’s in DKI Jakarta. Using statistical software SmartPLS 4.0, data were analysed using PLS-SEM techniques with outer and inner models.
Results: Moral obligation, tax fairness, and trust in government variables comprise the 23 items that contain the variable dimensions used to assess the validity of their effects on purchasing decisions. The results show that moral obligation affects taxpayer compliance. Meanwhile, tax fairness and trust in government do not affect taxpayer compliance among MSMEs in DKI Jakarta.
Limitations: The limitations of this research include the variables used, a limited number of respondents which prevents the results from being generalized, and the potential for biased results due to the use of questionnaires for data collection.
Contribution: This research is intended to provide an evaluation for the government to enhance public trust and tax fairness and broaden readers' understanding.
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Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behavior. Organizational Behavior And Human Decision Processes, 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2018.1493416
Amalia, R. F. (2020). Analisis Pemahaman Pajak dan Keadilan Pajak Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Usaha Mikro dan Kecil di Kota Palembang. Owner (Riset Dan Jurnal Akuntansi), 4(2), 540. https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v4i2.238
Ari, D. P. S. (2019). Analisis Perilaku Patuh Pajak Orang Pribadi Berdasarkan Theory of Planned Behavior Dan Kepercayaan Terhadap Pemerintah. Profit, 13(01), 32–38. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.profit.2019.013.01.4
Artha, K. G. ., & Setiawan, P. E. (2016). Pengaruh kewajiban moral, kualitas pelayanan, dan sanksi perpajakan pada kepatuhan wajib pajak di kpp badung utara. E-Jurnal Akuntansi Universitas Udayana, 17(2), 913–937. Retrieved from https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/akuntansi/article/view/19707
Batrancea, L. M., Nichita, A., De Agostini, R., Batista Narcizo, F., Forte, D., de Paiva Neves Mamede, S., … Budak, T. (2022). A self-employed taxpayer experimental study on trust, power, and tax compliance in eleven countries. Financial Innovation, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-022-00404-y
Brata, J. D., Yuningsih, I., & Kesuma, A. I. (2017). Pengaruh Kesadaran Wajib Pajak , Pelayanan Fiskus , dan Sanksi Pajak terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi yang Melakukan Kegiatan Usaha dan Pekerjaan Bebas di Kota Samarinda. Forum Ekonomi, 19(1), 69–81. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.30872/jfor.v19i1.2114
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Erica, D. (2021). Pengaruh Sanksi Perpajakan Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Ubhara, 3(1), 129. https://doi.org/10.31599/jmu.v3i1.857
Fitria, G. N., Murwaningsari, E., & Mulyani, S. D. (2024). Does Tax Compliance Intention Mediate the Determinant of Tax Compliance? Evidence From Indonesia. Revista de Gestao Social e Ambiental, 18(6), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v18n6-056
Ghani, H. H. A., Hamid, N. A., Sanusi, S., & Shamsuddin, R. (2020). The Effect of Tax Knowledge , Compliance Costs , Complexity and Morale Towards Tax Compliance among Self-Employed in Malaysia. Global Business and Management Research: An International Journal, 12(1), 18–32.
Guzel, S. A. (2018). The Effect of the Variables of Tax Justice Perception and Trust in Government on Tax Compliance: The Case of Turkey. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics Received. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2018.12.006
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). An Introduction to Structural Equation Modeling. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7_1
Hauptman, L., Žmuk, B., & Pavi?, I. (2024). Tax Compliance in Slovenia: An Empirical Assessment of Tax Knowledge and Fairness Perception. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 17(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm17030089
Jimenez, P., & Iyer, G. S. (2016). Advances in Accounting , incorporating Advances in International Accounting Tax compliance in a social setting?: The in fl uence of social norms , trust in government , and perceived fairness on taxpayer compliance. International Journal of Cardiology, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adiac.2016.07.001
Lemeshow, L., Pramono, D., & Kusnanto, K. (1997). Besar sampel dalam penelitian kesehatan. Gajah Mada Universitas Press.
Kassa, E. T. (2021). Factors influencing taxpayers to engage in tax evasion: evidence from Woldia City administration micro, small, and large enterprise taxpayers. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-020-00142-4
Kirchler, E., Hoelzl, E., & Wahl, I. (2008). Enforced versus voluntary tax compliance: The “slippery slope” framework. Journal of Economic Psychology, 29(2), 210–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2007.05.004
Margaretha, V., Chandra, F. O., Sitardja, M., & Podomoro, U. A. (2020). Pengaruh tax equity terhadap tax compliance melalui trust in government. Jurnal Akuntansi Keuangan Dan Manajemen, 1(3), 155–168. https://doi.org/10.35912/jakman.v1i3.19
Mawardi, Y. A., Tenriwaru, & Sinring, B. (2023). The Influence of Moral Obligations, Service Quality, Tax Audit, and Tax Sanctions on Personal Taxpayer Compliance. SIMAK, 21(01), 56–71. https://doi.org/10.35129/simak.v21i01.425
Monalika, H. P., & Haninun. (2020). Pengaruh reformasi administrasi perpajakan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak: Studi kasus di KPP Pratama Kedaton Bandar Lampung (The effect of taxation administration reform to tax mandatory compliance: Case study in tax office Kedaton Bandar Lampung). Jurnal Akuntansi Keuangan Dan Manajemen, 1(2), 135–154.
Mukoffi, A., Sulistiyowati, Y., Himawan, S., & Kontesa, K. (2022). Korupsi pajak dan keadilan perpajakan pada kepatuhan wajib pajak (studi kasus pada kantor pelayanan pajak (KPP) Batu. Jurnal Paradigma Ekonomika, 17(1), 85–94. https://doi.org/10.22437/jpe.v17i1.17339
Mulya, A. S. (2019). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi usaha mikro kecil dan menengah dalam membayar pajak penghasilan. Jurnal Akuntansi, Keuangan, Dan Manajemen, 1(1), 53–65. https://doi.org/10.35912/jakman.v1i1.6
Mulyadin, S., & Anasta, L. (2024). Pengaruh Pengetahuan Pajak, Sanksi Pajak, dan Modernisasi Sistem pada Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak. Goodwood Akuntansi Dan Auditing Reviu, 2(2), 89–107. https://doi.org/10.35912/gaar.v2i2.3085
Nabila, Z. D., & Isroah, I. (2019). Pengaruh Kewajiban Moral Dan Lingkungan Sosial Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi Pengusaha. Nominal: Barometer Riset Akuntansi Dan Manajemen, 8(1), 47–58. https://doi.org/10.21831/nominal.v8i1.24498
OECD. (2023). Revenue Statistics in Asia and the Pacific 2023 ? Indonesia Tax-to-GDP ratio Tax structures Personal income tax Social security contributions Value added taxes / Goods and services tax Other taxes on goods and services. (29), 8–9.
Oladipo, O., Nwanji, T., Eluyela, D., Godo, B., & Adegboyegun, A. (2022). Impact of tax fairness and tax knowledge on tax compliance behavior of listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 20(1), 41–48. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.20(1).2022.04
Pratiwi, A., Khairunnisa, A. A., Ramadhandy, A. D., & Savitri, A. E. (2024). Efektivitas Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak, Pemeriksaan Pajak dan Penagihan Pajak terhadap Penerimaan Pajak. Studi Akuntansi, Keuangan, Dan Manajemen, 3(2), 107–117. https://doi.org/10.35912/sakman.v3i2.2258
Sari, E. P., Gunawan, Y., & Elvina, E. (2022). Pengaruh Kepercayaan Kepada Pemerintah, Kebijakan Insentif Dan Manfaat Pajak Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Ekonomi, & Akuntansi (MEA), 6(3), 712–732. https://doi.org/10.31955/mea.v6i3.2269
Setyaningsih, E. D., & Harsono, M. (2021). Perilaku UMKM Terhadap Pelaksanaan Pemungutan Pajak UMKM Dengan Menggunakan Self Assessment System. Moneter - Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 8(1), 51–55. https://doi.org/10.31294/moneter.v8i1.9882
Suyanto, Intansari, P. P. L. A., & Endahjati, S. (2016). Tax Amnesty. Jurnal Akuntansi, 4(2), 9–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7883-6_24-2
Syahdan, S. A., & Rani, A. P. (2014). Dimensi Keadilan Atas Pemberlakuan PP No. 46 Tahun 2013 Dan Peningkatan Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak. Jurnal InFestasi, 10(1), 64–72. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21107/infestasi.v10i1.512
Taing, H. B., & Chang, Y. (2021). Determinants of Tax Compliance Intention: Focus on the Theory of Planned Behavior. International Journal of Public Administration, 44(1), 62–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2020.1728313
Tambun, S., & Ananda, N. A. (2022). Pengaruh kewajiban moral dan digitalisasi layanan pajak terhadap kepatuhan Wajib Pajak dengan nasionalisme sebagai pemoderasi. Owner: Riset & Jurnal Akuntansi, 6, 3158–3168. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v6i3.999
Wiharsianti, E. A., & Hidayatulloh, A. (2023). Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi: Love of Money, Machiavellianisme, Dan Kepercayaan Pada Pemerintah. Jurnal Aplikasi Akuntansi, 7(2), 395–407. https://doi.org/10.29303/jaa.v7i2.186
Windia, R. A., & Meiliana, R. (2022). Pengaruh Kepercayaan Kepada Pemerintah, Kebijakan Insentif Pajak, Dan Manfaat Pajak Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi (Institut Informatika dan Bisnis Darmajaya). Institut Informatika dan Bisnis Darmajaya. Retrieved from http://repo.darmajaya.ac.id/id/eprint/14197
Yadinta, P. A. F. ., Suratno, & Mulyadi, J. M. . (2018). Kualitas Pelayanan Fiskus, Dimensi Keadilan, Kesadaran Wajib Pajak dan Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi & Perpajakan (JRAP), 5(02), 201–212. https://doi.org/10.35838/jrap.v5i02.186
Zainudin, F. M., Nugroho, R., & Muamarah, H. S. (2022). Pengaruh Kepercayaan Kepada Pemerintah Terhadap Kepatuhan Pajak Dengan Persepsi Keadilan Pajak Sebagai Variabel Intervening. Jurnal Pajak Indonesia, 6, 107–121. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31092/jpi.v6i1.1616
- Ajzen, I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behavior. Organizational Behavior And Human Decision Processes, 179–211. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2018.1493416
- Amalia, R. F. (2020). Analisis Pemahaman Pajak dan Keadilan Pajak Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Usaha Mikro dan Kecil di Kota Palembang. Owner (Riset Dan Jurnal Akuntansi), 4(2), 540. https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v4i2.238
- Ari, D. P. S. (2019). Analisis Perilaku Patuh Pajak Orang Pribadi Berdasarkan Theory of Planned Behavior Dan Kepercayaan Terhadap Pemerintah. Profit, 13(01), 32–38. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.profit.2019.013.01.4
- Artha, K. G. ., & Setiawan, P. E. (2016). Pengaruh kewajiban moral, kualitas pelayanan, dan sanksi perpajakan pada kepatuhan wajib pajak di kpp badung utara. E-Jurnal Akuntansi Universitas Udayana, 17(2), 913–937. Retrieved from https://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/akuntansi/article/view/19707
- Batrancea, L. M., Nichita, A., De Agostini, R., Batista Narcizo, F., Forte, D., de Paiva Neves Mamede, S., … Budak, T. (2022). A self-employed taxpayer experimental study on trust, power, and tax compliance in eleven countries. Financial Innovation, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-022-00404-y
- Brata, J. D., Yuningsih, I., & Kesuma, A. I. (2017). Pengaruh Kesadaran Wajib Pajak , Pelayanan Fiskus , dan Sanksi Pajak terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi yang Melakukan Kegiatan Usaha dan Pekerjaan Bebas di Kota Samarinda. Forum Ekonomi, 19(1), 69–81. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.30872/jfor.v19i1.2114
- CNN Indonesia. (2024). Sri Mulyani Ungkap Alasan Sulit Naikkan Rasio Pajak di RI. Retrieved April 19, 2024, from https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20240305190139-532-1070828/sri-mulyani-ungkap-alasan-sulit-naikkan-rasio-pajak-di-ri
- Direktorat Jenderal Pajak. (2022). Laporan DJP Tahun 2022. 212. Retrieved from https://pajak.go.id/sites/default/files/2023-12/Laporan Tahunan DJP 2022 - Bahasa.pdf
- Erica, D. (2021). Pengaruh Sanksi Perpajakan Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Ubhara, 3(1), 129. https://doi.org/10.31599/jmu.v3i1.857
- Fitria, G. N., Murwaningsari, E., & Mulyani, S. D. (2024). Does Tax Compliance Intention Mediate the Determinant of Tax Compliance? Evidence From Indonesia. Revista de Gestao Social e Ambiental, 18(6), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v18n6-056
- Ghani, H. H. A., Hamid, N. A., Sanusi, S., & Shamsuddin, R. (2020). The Effect of Tax Knowledge , Compliance Costs , Complexity and Morale Towards Tax Compliance among Self-Employed in Malaysia. Global Business and Management Research: An International Journal, 12(1), 18–32.
- Guzel, S. A. (2018). The Effect of the Variables of Tax Justice Perception and Trust in Government on Tax Compliance: The Case of Turkey. Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics Received. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2018.12.006
- Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). An Introduction to Structural Equation Modeling. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7_1
- Hauptman, L., Žmuk, B., & Pavi?, I. (2024). Tax Compliance in Slovenia: An Empirical Assessment of Tax Knowledge and Fairness Perception. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 17(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm17030089
- Jimenez, P., & Iyer, G. S. (2016). Advances in Accounting , incorporating Advances in International Accounting Tax compliance in a social setting?: The in fl uence of social norms , trust in government , and perceived fairness on taxpayer compliance. International Journal of Cardiology, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adiac.2016.07.001
- Lemeshow, L., Pramono, D., & Kusnanto, K. (1997). Besar sampel dalam penelitian kesehatan. Gajah Mada Universitas Press.
- Kassa, E. T. (2021). Factors influencing taxpayers to engage in tax evasion: evidence from Woldia City administration micro, small, and large enterprise taxpayers. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-020-00142-4
- Kirchler, E., Hoelzl, E., & Wahl, I. (2008). Enforced versus voluntary tax compliance: The “slippery slope” framework. Journal of Economic Psychology, 29(2), 210–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2007.05.004
- Margaretha, V., Chandra, F. O., Sitardja, M., & Podomoro, U. A. (2020). Pengaruh tax equity terhadap tax compliance melalui trust in government. Jurnal Akuntansi Keuangan Dan Manajemen, 1(3), 155–168. https://doi.org/10.35912/jakman.v1i3.19
- Mawardi, Y. A., Tenriwaru, & Sinring, B. (2023). The Influence of Moral Obligations, Service Quality, Tax Audit, and Tax Sanctions on Personal Taxpayer Compliance. SIMAK, 21(01), 56–71. https://doi.org/10.35129/simak.v21i01.425
- Monalika, H. P., & Haninun. (2020). Pengaruh reformasi administrasi perpajakan terhadap kepatuhan wajib pajak: Studi kasus di KPP Pratama Kedaton Bandar Lampung (The effect of taxation administration reform to tax mandatory compliance: Case study in tax office Kedaton Bandar Lampung). Jurnal Akuntansi Keuangan Dan Manajemen, 1(2), 135–154.
- Mukoffi, A., Sulistiyowati, Y., Himawan, S., & Kontesa, K. (2022). Korupsi pajak dan keadilan perpajakan pada kepatuhan wajib pajak (studi kasus pada kantor pelayanan pajak (KPP) Batu. Jurnal Paradigma Ekonomika, 17(1), 85–94. https://doi.org/10.22437/jpe.v17i1.17339
- Mulya, A. S. (2019). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi usaha mikro kecil dan menengah dalam membayar pajak penghasilan. Jurnal Akuntansi, Keuangan, Dan Manajemen, 1(1), 53–65. https://doi.org/10.35912/jakman.v1i1.6
- Mulyadin, S., & Anasta, L. (2024). Pengaruh Pengetahuan Pajak, Sanksi Pajak, dan Modernisasi Sistem pada Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak. Goodwood Akuntansi Dan Auditing Reviu, 2(2), 89–107. https://doi.org/10.35912/gaar.v2i2.3085
- Nabila, Z. D., & Isroah, I. (2019). Pengaruh Kewajiban Moral Dan Lingkungan Sosial Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi Pengusaha. Nominal: Barometer Riset Akuntansi Dan Manajemen, 8(1), 47–58. https://doi.org/10.21831/nominal.v8i1.24498
- OECD. (2023). Revenue Statistics in Asia and the Pacific 2023 ? Indonesia Tax-to-GDP ratio Tax structures Personal income tax Social security contributions Value added taxes / Goods and services tax Other taxes on goods and services. (29), 8–9.
- Oladipo, O., Nwanji, T., Eluyela, D., Godo, B., & Adegboyegun, A. (2022). Impact of tax fairness and tax knowledge on tax compliance behavior of listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 20(1), 41–48. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.20(1).2022.04
- Pratiwi, A., Khairunnisa, A. A., Ramadhandy, A. D., & Savitri, A. E. (2024). Efektivitas Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak, Pemeriksaan Pajak dan Penagihan Pajak terhadap Penerimaan Pajak. Studi Akuntansi, Keuangan, Dan Manajemen, 3(2), 107–117. https://doi.org/10.35912/sakman.v3i2.2258
- Sari, E. P., Gunawan, Y., & Elvina, E. (2022). Pengaruh Kepercayaan Kepada Pemerintah, Kebijakan Insentif Dan Manfaat Pajak Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, Ekonomi, & Akuntansi (MEA), 6(3), 712–732. https://doi.org/10.31955/mea.v6i3.2269
- Setyaningsih, E. D., & Harsono, M. (2021). Perilaku UMKM Terhadap Pelaksanaan Pemungutan Pajak UMKM Dengan Menggunakan Self Assessment System. Moneter - Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Keuangan, 8(1), 51–55. https://doi.org/10.31294/moneter.v8i1.9882
- Suyanto, Intansari, P. P. L. A., & Endahjati, S. (2016). Tax Amnesty. Jurnal Akuntansi, 4(2), 9–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7883-6_24-2
- Syahdan, S. A., & Rani, A. P. (2014). Dimensi Keadilan Atas Pemberlakuan PP No. 46 Tahun 2013 Dan Peningkatan Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak. Jurnal InFestasi, 10(1), 64–72. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21107/infestasi.v10i1.512
- Taing, H. B., & Chang, Y. (2021). Determinants of Tax Compliance Intention: Focus on the Theory of Planned Behavior. International Journal of Public Administration, 44(1), 62–73. https://doi.org/10.1080/01900692.2020.1728313
- Tambun, S., & Ananda, N. A. (2022). Pengaruh kewajiban moral dan digitalisasi layanan pajak terhadap kepatuhan Wajib Pajak dengan nasionalisme sebagai pemoderasi. Owner: Riset & Jurnal Akuntansi, 6, 3158–3168. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v6i3.999
- Wiharsianti, E. A., & Hidayatulloh, A. (2023). Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi: Love of Money, Machiavellianisme, Dan Kepercayaan Pada Pemerintah. Jurnal Aplikasi Akuntansi, 7(2), 395–407. https://doi.org/10.29303/jaa.v7i2.186
- Windia, R. A., & Meiliana, R. (2022). Pengaruh Kepercayaan Kepada Pemerintah, Kebijakan Insentif Pajak, Dan Manfaat Pajak Terhadap Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi (Institut Informatika dan Bisnis Darmajaya). Institut Informatika dan Bisnis Darmajaya. Retrieved from http://repo.darmajaya.ac.id/id/eprint/14197
- Yadinta, P. A. F. ., Suratno, & Mulyadi, J. M. . (2018). Kualitas Pelayanan Fiskus, Dimensi Keadilan, Kesadaran Wajib Pajak dan Kepatuhan Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi & Perpajakan (JRAP), 5(02), 201–212. https://doi.org/10.35838/jrap.v5i02.186
- Zainudin, F. M., Nugroho, R., & Muamarah, H. S. (2022). Pengaruh Kepercayaan Kepada Pemerintah Terhadap Kepatuhan Pajak Dengan Persepsi Keadilan Pajak Sebagai Variabel Intervening. Jurnal Pajak Indonesia, 6, 107–121. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31092/jpi.v6i1.1616