Effects of Working Hours and Workload on Work-Life Balance Via Stress

Published: Jan 20, 2026

Abstract:

Purpose: This study examines how job demands (workload and working hours) influence the work-life balance of early-career Generation Z employees in Indonesia, focusing on the mediating role of work stress.

Methodology/approach: UA quantitative survey was conducted with 212 Gen Z employees (6 months–5 years of experience) across various industries. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS software.

Results/findings: Working hours did not directly affect work-life balance, possibly due to flexible arrangements or effective time management. In contrast, workload significantly disrupted work-life balance. Both working hours and workload increased work-related stress. Stress significantly mediated the relationship between job demands and work-life balance, showing that their negative impact occurs mainly through stress.

Conclusion: Workload and working hours affect work-life balance indirectly through stress. Addressing workplace stress is crucial for sustaining employee well-being and long-term performance.

Limitations: The study is limited by its modest sample size, reliance on self-reported survey data, and data collection within a specific timeframe, which may affect generalizability.

Contribution: The study highlights stress as a key mediator of job demands and work-life balance among Gen Z employees in Indonesia. Findings provide insights for organizations, HR, and policymakers to improve workload management, reduce stress, and enhance well-being and productivity.

Keywords:
1. Generation Z
2. Workload
3. Working Hours
4. Work-Life Balance
5. Work Stress
Authors:
1 . Merrie Nathania
2 . Pramana Saputra
3 . Karsim Karsim
How to Cite
Nathania, M., Saputra, P., & Karsim, K. (2026). Effects of Working Hours and Workload on Work-Life Balance Via Stress. Studi Ilmu Manajemen Dan Organisasi, 6(4), 137–156. https://doi.org/10.35912/simo.v6i4.4963

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References

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