Purpose: This article explores the challenges and opportunities of public service innovation in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era. Methodology: The study employs a qualitative research approach that integrates literature analysis and expert interviews to explore the adoption and implementation of digital technologies in public sector services. The literature analysis involved a systematic review of academic journals, policy reports, and case studies to establish a theoretical framework and identify best practices from various regions. In parallel, in-depth interviews were conducted with experts in public policy, information technology, and digital governance to capture their insights on real-world challenges and opportunities. The qualitative approach was chosen for its ability to provide a nuanced understanding of complex phenomena, allowing for an in-depth exploration of both contextual and practical aspects of technological adoption in public services. Result: The findings reveal that digital technology enhances efficiency and transparency but faces barriers in regulation, infrastructure, and human resources. Limitation: Access to valid and up-to-date data on technology implementation in public services can be limited, especially in countries or regions that have not widely adopted technology. Articles may struggle to provide a comprehensive picture of technology implementation worldwide or even at the national level. Contribution: This study provides insights for policymakers to design technology-based public service innovation strategies.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the involvement of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) in the Sudanese Civil War in 2023. It aims to explore the strategic motivations behind the UAE's actions, the extent of its influence in the conflict, and the impact of its involvement on the political, security, economic, military, and humanitarian dimensions of the war. Methodology: This study uses a qualitative approach to analyze the United Arab Emirates' (UAE) involvement in the 2023 Sudanese Civil War. Secondary data is collected through a comprehensive literature review, utilizing academic sources, reports from international organizations, credible news outlets, and official documents. Results: The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has utilized illegal gold trade as one of the means to strengthen its position in the conflict and fund military operations. Diplomatically, the UAE has leveraged political power and international relations to influence Sudan's policies and mediate peace processes that benefit its interests. Limitations: The limitations of this study include the reliance on secondary data sources, which may present biases or incomplete information. Additionally, the dynamic and evolving nature of the Sudanese Civil War in 2023 means that new developments may not be fully captured in this analysis. Contribution: This study contributes to the understanding of the United Arab Emirates' strategic involvement in the Sudanese Civil War by analyzing its political, military, and economic influence. It offers new insights into how UAE utilizes geopolitical leverage, including gold trade and diplomatic efforts, to advance its regional interests and strengthen its position in the Middle East.