JIHHAM

Article Details

Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): Juli

Articles

Criminalization Policy for Child Sexual Offenses from the Perspective of Child Protection in Indonesia

D Dioz Thimoteus Togatorop
Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the criminal law policy against perpetrators of child sexual intercourse and legal protection efforts for victims based on the best interests of children in the Indonesian criminal system.

Methodology: This research uses a normative legal method with a descriptive-analytical approach, using primary legal materials (Law No. 35 of 2014, Criminal Code, court decisions) and secondary (literature, journals), with analysis through statutory interpretation and content analysis.

Results: Criminal law policies have been implemented in a formulative, applicative, and executive manner with preventive, repressive, and rehabilitative child protection, but their effectiveness is still hampered by structural and cultural constraints and limited child-friendly facilities.

Conclusions: Criminal law policies regarding perpetrators of child sexual intercourse are comprehensive but not yet optimal; synergy between penal and non-penal approaches, regulatory reforms, and increased capacity of officials and public awareness are needed to achieve fair and child-friendly justice.

Limitations: The research is normative in nature, so it does not reflect actual field conditions or the implementation of legal policies in practice, nor does it include comparison with other legal systems. Therefore, the findings are limited to conceptual and doctrinal analysis and require further empirical study.

Contributions: This research strengthens the study of child protection-based criminal law and emphasizes the importance of criminal law reform towards a child-friendly justice system that focuses on the best interests of children.

Keywords: Best Interest of the Child Child Sexual Intercourse Child Protection Criminal Justice System Criminal Law Policy
How to Cite
Togatorop, D. T. (2026). Criminalization Policy for Child Sexual Offenses from the Perspective of Child Protection in Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Dan Hak Asasi Manusia, 6(1), 33–40. https://doi.org/10.35912/jihham.v6i1.5692
References
  1. Al Riyadh, M., Suseno, S., & Ramadhani, R. H. (2024). Analisis Kebijakan Hukum Pidana dalam Pasal 45 Ayat (4) Jo. Pasal 27 Ayat (4) UU ITE. Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology (IJCLC), 5(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.18196/ijclc.v5i1.19287
  2. Bautista, L., & Libdan Jr, I. E. (2025). Assessing the implementation of the child-friendly school system and its relationship to learner well-being in SOCCSKSARGEN. Journal of Social, Humanity, and Education, 5(4), 359-370. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/jshe.v5i4.2951
  3. Dachi, L. (2023). Analisis Hukuman Kepada Anak Pelaku Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Memaksa Anak Melakukan Persetubuhan (Studi Putusan Nomor 5/Pid. Sus. Anak/2017/PN. Trt). Jurnal Panah Hukum, 2(1), 96-110. doi:https://doi.org/10.57094/jph.v2i1.746
  4. Fachri, M., Hidjza, K., & Abbas, I. (2023). Efektivitas Penjatuhan Pidana Kepada Pelaku Tindak Pidana Persetubuhan Terhadap Anak. Journal of Lex Theory (JLT), 4(2), 213-224. doi:https://doi.org/10.52103/jlt.v4i2
  5. Farida, A. R. S., & Natsir, N. I. (2024). The analisis yuridis perbarengan perbuatan (concursus realis) dalam tindak pidana persetubuhan yang dilakukan anak terhadap anak (studi putusan nomor 44/Pid/Sus-Anak/2022/Pn/Mks). Parhesia, 2(2), 64-70. doi:https://doi.org/10.29303/parhesia.v2i2
  6. Fathonah, R., Kusworo, D. L., & Fauzi, M. N. K. (2022). Hukum Peradilan Pidana Anak: Pusaka Media.
  7. Fithri, B. S. (2017). Asas Ultimum Remedium Terhadap Anak Yang Berkonflik Dengan Hukum Dalam Rangka Perlindungan Anak. Jurnal Mercatoria, 10(1), 74-88. doi:https://doi.org/10.31289/mercatoria.v10i1.733
  8. Hakbari, M. T. (2024). The urgency of the existence of a storage house for state confiscated items in the military court environment. Annals of Justice and Humanity (AJH), 4(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/ajh.v4i1.2879
  9. Hamdiyah, H. (2024). Analisis Unsur-Unsur Tindak Pidana Pencurian: Tinjauan Hukum. Jurnal Tahqiqa: Jurnal Pemikiran Hukum Islam, 18(1), 98-108. doi:https://doi.org/10.61393/tahqiqa.v18i1.216
  10. Hartono, B., Hasan, Z., & Virnanda, M. D. (2024). Implementasi Sanksi Pidana Terhadap Anak Pelaku Tindak Pidana Persetubuhan Yang Dilakukan Dengan Anak Sebagai Korban. Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research, 4(2), 5404-5419. doi:https://doi.org/10.31004/innovative.v4i2.9429
  11. Hasyimzum, Y. (2021). Hak-hak Konstitusional Anak terkait Penelantaran Akibat Perceraian. Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia, 1(1), 27-35. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/jihham.v1i1.416
  12. Heni Siswanto, H. S., & Siswanto, H. (2022). Hukum pidana menuju pemikiran positivistik yang berkeadilan dan berkebenaran.
  13. Jehalut, Y. J., & Fallo, D. (2023). Faktor faktor penyebab dan upaya penanggulangan tindak pidana persetubuhan yang dilakukan ayah terhadap anak kandung di Kota Ruteng Kabupaten Manggarai. Artemis Law Journal, 1(1), 344-350. doi:https://doi.org/10.35508/alj.v1i1.13695
  14. Kabnani, F. A., Medan, K. K., & Leo, R. P. (2025). Dasar Pertimbangan Hakim dalam Menjatuhkan Pidana terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Persetubuhan Anak atas Kesepakatan Bersama dalam Perspektif Keadilan. Journal of Administrative and Social Science, 6(1), 120-132. doi:https://doi.org/10.55606/jass.v6i1.2098
  15. Laowo, Y. S., & Dakhi, D. (2022). Analisis Pemidanaan Pelaku Tindak Pidana Persetubuhan Terhadap Anak di Tinjau dari Data Kriminologi. Jurnal MathEdu (Mathematic Education Journal), 5(3), 162-169. doi:https://doi.org/10.37081/mathedu.v5i3
  16. Mniber, E. K. O. (2021). Analisis Yuridis Tindak Pidana Persetubuhan Anak Dibawah Umur Wilayah Hukum Biak Numfor. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Kyadiren, 3(1), 21-33. doi:https://doi.org/10.46924/jihk.v3i1.146
  17. Nurmala, L. D., & Hanapi, Y. (2023). Kajian Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Anak yang Berkonflik dengan Hukum dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak. Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia, 3(1), 1-7. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/jihham.v3i1.1801
  18. Pradana, Y. (2022). Implementasi Prinsip “Kepentingan Terbaik bagi Anak” dalam proses persidangan Anak secara elektronik pada masa pandemi di Kota Jakarta Barat. Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia, 1(2), 43-53. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/jihham.v1i2.1022
  19. Rahayu, F. R. T., Susilowaati, T., & Andri, M. (2025). Analisis Yuridis Putusan Nomor 26/Pid. Sus/2025/PN Jombang Terhadap Tindak Pidana Persetubuhan Dengan Anak Di Bawah Umur. Justicia Journal, 14(2), 302-309. doi:https://doi.org/10.32492/jj.v14i2.14209
  20. Rahmat, D., Adhyaksa, G., & Fathanudien, A. (2021). Bantuan Hukum dan Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Perempuan dan Anak di Indonesia. Empowerment, 4(02), 156-163. doi:https://doi.org/10.25134/empowerment.v4i02.4921
  21. Saputri, R. M., Wahyuni, F., & Muhsin, M. (2024). Analisis Kebijakan dalam Hukum Pidana Perlindungan Anak pada Pembaruan Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak di Indonesia. Selodang Mayang: Jurnal Ilmiah Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, 10(2), 133-139. doi:https://doi.org/10.47521/selodangmayang.v10i2.407
  22. Sarumaha, E. (2023). Dasar Pertimbangan Hakim Dalam Menjatuhkan Putusan Pemidanaan Kepada Anak Sebagai Pelaku Tindak Pidana Persetubuhan Yang Dilakukan Dengan Kekerasan. Jurnal Panah Keadilan, 2(2), 81-93. doi:https://doi.org/10.57094/jpk.v2i2.1007
  23. Sasmito, G. W. (2024). Legal analysis of disparity in military court judges' decisions faced with the principle of military interests. Annals of Justice and Humanity (AJH), 3(2). doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/ajh.v3i2.2867
  24. Sianipar, E. M. T., Wasliyati, L., & Prasetiasari, C. (2024). Analisis Yuridis Atas Tindak Pidana Persetubuhan Anak Dibawah Umur Untuk Mewujudkan Perlindungan Hukum Kepada Korban. Zona Keadilan: Program Studi Ilmu Hukum (S1) Universitas Batam, 14(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.37776/zkih.v14i1
  25. Siregar, K. A. A., Monica, D. R., & Susanti, E. (2024). Analisis Penerapan Asas Ultimum Remedium terhadap Anak Pelaku Tindak Pidana Persetubuhan: Studi Putusan Nomor: 15/Pid.Sus Anak/2022/PT.Sby. Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia, 4(1), 1-9. doi:https://doi.org/10.35912/jihham.v4i1.3006
  26. Umar, U., & Basyarudin, B. (2025). Analisis Hukum Mengenai Perlindungan Anak dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia (HAM) di Kabupaten Topoyo. Corpus Juris: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 1(1), 12-20. doi:https://doi.org/10.62335/corpusjuris.v1i1.744
  27. Willis, M., & Smith, R. (2022). Sexual consent across diverse behaviors and contexts: Gender differences and nonconsensual sexual experiences. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 37(19-20), NP18908-NP18934. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605211044101
License & Copyright